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Pascal Classification Scheme
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001 Exact sciences and technology.
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001A Sciences and techniques of general use.
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001B Physics
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001B00 General.
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001B00A Communication, education, history, and philosophy.
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001B00A10 Announcements, news, and organizational activities.
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001B00A10C Announcements, news, and awards.
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001B00A10F Conferences, lectures, and institutes.
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001B00A10H Physics organizational activities.
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001B00A20 Communication forms and techniques (written, oral, electronic, etc.).
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001B00A30 Physics literature and publications.
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001B00A40 Education.
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001B00A40D Course design and evaluation.
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001B00A40E Science in elementary and secondary school.
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001B00A40F Physics education research (cognition, problem solving, etc.).
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001B00A40G Curricula, teaching methods, strategies, theory of testing, evaluation.
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001B00A40J Teacher training.
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001B00A50 Educational aids.
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001B00A50F Audio and visual aids, films.
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001B00A50H Instructional computer use.
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001B00A50K Techniques of testing.
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001B00A50L Laboratory computer use.
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001B00A50M Demonstration experiments and apparatus.
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001B00A50P Laboratory experiments and apparatus.
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001B00A50Q Laboratory course design, organization, and evaluation.
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001B00A50W Physics of toys.
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001B00A52 National and international laboratory facilities.
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001B00A55 General physics.
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001B00A60 Biographies, tributes, personal notes, and obituaries.
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001B00A65 History of science.
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001B00A70 Philosophy of science.
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001B00A75 Science and society.
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001B00A78 Science and government (funding, politics, etc.).
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001B00A80 Physics of sports.
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001B00A90 Other topics of general interest.
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001B00B Mathematical methods in physics.
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001B00B10 Logic, set theory, and algebra.
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001B00B10B Logic and foundations.
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001B00B10C Set theory.
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001B00B10E Combinatorics.
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001B00B10G Order, lattices, and ordered algebraic structures.
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001B00B10J General mathematical systems.
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001B00B10L Number theory.
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001B00B10N Algebraic number theory, field theory, and polynomials.
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001B00B10P Commutative rings and algebras.
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001B00B10R Algebraic geometry.
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001B00B10S Linear and multilinear algebra, matrix theory (finite and infinite).
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001B00B10T Associative rings and algebras.
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001B00B10V Nonassociative rings and algebras.
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001B00B10W Category theory and homological algebra.
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001B00B20 Group theory.
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001B00B20D Finite groups.
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001B00B20F Infinite groups.
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001B00B20H Classical linear algebraic groups.
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001B00B20K Abelian groups.
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001B00B20M Semigroups.
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001B00B20N Topological groups, general.
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001B00B20Q General properties, structure, and representation of Lie groups.
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001B00B20R Discrete subgroups of Lie groups.
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001B00B20S Lie algebras of Lie groups.
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001B00B20T Infinite-dimensional Lie groups.
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001B00B30 Function theory, analysis.
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001B00B30B Real functions.
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001B00B30C Measure and integration.
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001B00B30D Functions of a complex variable.
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001B00B30E Potential theory.
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001B00B30F Several complex variables and analytic spaces.
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001B00B30G Special functions.
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001B00B30H Ordinary differential equations.
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001B00B30J Partial differential equations.
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001B00B30K Delay and functional equations.
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001B00B30L Sequences, series, and summability.
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001B00B30M Approximations and expansions.
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001B00B30N Fourier analysis.
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001B00B30P Abstract harmonic analysis.
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001B00B30Q Integral transforms and operational calculus.
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001B00B30R Integral equations.
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001B00B30S Functional analysis.
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001B00B30T Operator theory.
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001B00B30W Calculus of variations and optimal control.
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001B00B40 Geometry, differential geometry, and topology.
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001B00B40D Euclidean and projective geometries.
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001B00B40F Convex sets and geometric inequalities.
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001B00B40H Classical differential geometry.
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001B00B40K Riemannian geometries.
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001B00B40M Global differential geometry.
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001B00B40P General topology.
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001B00B40R Algebraic topology.
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001B00B40S Manifolds and cell complexes.
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001B00B40V Global analysis and analysis on manifolds.
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001B00B50 Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics.
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001B00B50C Probability theory.
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001B00B50E Stochastic processes.
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001B00B50F Stochastic analysis.
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001B00B50G Markov processes.
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001B00B50H Queuing theory.
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001B00B50K Foundations of statistics, sufficiency.
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001B00B50L Decision theory and game theory.
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001B00B50N Distribution theory and Monte Carlo studies.
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001B00B50P Parametric inference.
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001B00B50R Nonparametric inference.
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001B00B50S Multivariate analysis.
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001B00B50V Linear inference.
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001B00B50W Inference from stochastic processes.
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001B00B60 Numerical approximation and analysis.
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001B00B60C Numerical simulation, solution of equations.
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001B00B60D Numerical linear algebra.
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001B00B60E Interpolation; curve fitting.
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001B00B60G Algorithms for functional approximation.
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001B00B60J Numerical differentiation and integration.
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001B00B60L Ordinary and partial differential equations, boundary value problems.
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001B00B60N Integral and integrodifferential equations.
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001B00B60P Numerical optimization.
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001B00B70 Computational techniques.
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001B00B70B Finite-difference methods.
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001B00B70D Finite-element and Galerkin methods.
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001B00B70F Finite-volume methods.
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001B00B70H Spectral methods.
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001B00B70J Collocation methods.
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001B00B70L Monte Carlo and statistical methods.
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001B00B70N Molecular dynamics and particle methods.
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001B00B70P Boundary-integral methods.
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001B00B90 Other topics in mathematical methods in physics.
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001B00C Classical and quantum physics: mechanics and fields.
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001B00C20 Classical mechanics of discrete systems: general mathematical aspects.
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001B00C30 Special relativity.
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001B00C40 Classical mechanics of continuous media: general mathematical aspects.
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001B00C40D Elasticity, plasticity: general mathematical aspects.
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001B00C40G Fluid mechanics: general mathematical aspects.
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001B00C40K Waves and wave propagation: general mathematical aspects.
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001B00C50 Classical field theories.
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001B00C50D Classical electromagnetism, Maxwell equations.
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001B00C50K Other special classical field theories.
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001B00C65 Quantum mechanics.
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001B00C65B Foundations, theory of measurement, miscellaneous theories (including Aharonov-Bohm effect, Bell inequalities, Berry's phase).
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001B00C65C Formalism.
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001B00C65D Functional analytical methods.
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001B00C65F Algebraic methods.
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001B00C65G Solutions of wave equations: bound states.
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001B00C65N Nonrelativistic scattering theory.
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001B00C65P Relativistic wave equations.
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001B00C65S Semiclassical theories and applications.
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001B00C67 Quantum information.
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001B00C67D Quantum cryptography.
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001B00C67H Quantum communication.
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001B00C67L Quantum computation.
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001B00C70 Theory of quantized fields.
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001B00C75 Matter waves.
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001B00C75B Atom and neutron optics.
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001B00C75D Atom and neutron interferometry.
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001B00C75F Phase coherent atomic ensembles ; quantum condensation phenomena.
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001B00C80 General theory of scattering.
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001B00D General relativity and gravitation.
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001B00D20 Classical general relativity.
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001B00D20C Fundamental problems and general formalism.
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001B00D20D Singularities and cosmic censorship.
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001B00D20E Initial value problem, existence and uniqueness of solutions.
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001B00D20F Canonical formalism, Lagrangians, and variational principles.
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001B00D20G Spacetime topology, causal structure, spinor structure.
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001B00D20H Asymptotic structure.
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001B00D20J Exact solutions.
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001B00D25 Approximation methods; equation of motion.
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001B00D25D Numerical relativity.
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001B00D25N Post-Newtonian approximation; perturbation theory; related approximations.
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001B00D30 Gravitational waves: theory.
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001B00D30D Wave generation and sources.
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001B00D30N Wave propagation and interactions.
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001B00D40 Self-graviting systems; continuous media and classical fields in curved spacetime.
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001B00D40D Relativistic stars: structure, stability and oscillations.
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001B00D40N Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes, spacetimes with fluids, radiation or classical fields.
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001B00D50 Gravity in more than four dimensions, Kaluza-Klein theory, unified field theories; alternative theories of gravity.
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001B00D60 Quantum gravity.
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001B00D60D Canonical quantization.
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001B00D60G Covariant and sum-over-histories quantization.
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001B00D60K Lower dimensional models; minisuperspace models.
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001B00D60N Lattice and discrete methods.
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001B00D62 Quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
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001B00D65 Supergravity.
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001B00D70 Physics of black holes.
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001B00D70B Classical black holes.
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001B00D70D Quantum aspects of black holes, evaporation, thermodynamics.
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001B00D80 Experimental studies of gravity.
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001B00D80C Experimental tests of gravitational theories.
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001B00D80N Gravitational wave detectors and experiments.
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001B00D90 Other topics in general relativity and gravitation.
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001B00E Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems.
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001B00F Metrology, measurements and laboratory procedures.
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001B00G Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
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001B10 The physics of elementary particles and fields.
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001B20 Nuclear physics.
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001B30 Atomic and molecular physics.
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001B40 Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications).
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001B50 Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges.
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001B60 Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties.
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001B70 Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties.
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001B70A Electron states.
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001B70B Electronic transport in condensed matter.
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001B70C Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films and low-dimensional structures.
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001B70D Superconductivity.
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001B70D10 Occurrence, potential candidates.
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001B70D20 Theory and models of superconducting state.
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001B70D25 Properties of type I and type II superconductors.
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001B70D40 Fluctuations (noise, chaos, nonequilibrium superconductivity, localization, etc.).
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001B70D50 Proximity effects, weak links, tunneling phenomena, and Josephson effects, Adreev effect, SN and SNS junctions.
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001B70D62 Transition temperature variations.
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001B70D62B Effects of material synthesis, crystal structure, and chemical composition.
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001B70D62D Effects of crystal defects, doping and substitution.
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001B70D62F Pressure effects.
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001B70D62Y Other effects.
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001B70D70 Superconducting materials (excluding high-Tc compounds).
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001B70D72 Cuprates superconductors (high Tc and insulating parent compounds).
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001B70D78 Superconducting films and low-dimensional structures.
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001B70D78B High-Tc films.
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001B70D78D Low Tc films.
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001B70D78F Multilayers, superlattices , heterostructures.
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001B70D78N Mesoscopic and nanoscale systems.
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001B70D81 Inhomogeneous superconductors and superconducting systems.
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001B70D90 Other topics in superconductivity.
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001B70E Magnetic properties and materials.
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001B70F Magnetic resonances and relaxations in condensed matter, Mössbauer effect.
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001B70G Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties.
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001B70H Optical properties and condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of matter with particles and radiation.
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001B70I Electron and ion emission by liquids and solids; impact phenomena.
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001B80 Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology.
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001B80A Materials science.
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001B80A05 Specific materials.
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001B80A05B Metals, semimetals and alloys.
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001B80A05G Amorphous semiconductors.
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001B80A05H Other semiconductors.
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001B80A05K Glasses (including metallic glasses).
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001B80A05R Porous materials; granular materials.
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001B80A05T Fullerenes and related materials; diamonds, graphite.
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001B80A05Z Other materials.
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001B80A07 Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization.
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001B80A07B Nanocrystalline materials.
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001B80A07D Nanotubes.
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001B80A07L Nanocontacts.
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001B80A07N Molecular nanostructures.
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001B80A07P Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures.
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001B80A07S Quantum wells.
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001B80A07T Quantum dots.
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001B80A07V Quantum wires.
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001B80A07W Nanopowders.
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001B80A07Z Other topics in nanoscale materials and structures.
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001B80A10 Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth.
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001B80A10A Theory and models of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth, crystal morphology and orientation.
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001B80A10B Growth from vapor.
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001B80A10D Growth from solutions.
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001B80A10F Growth from melts; zone melting and refining.
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001B80A10J Growth from solid phases (including multiphase diffusion and recrystallization).
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001B80A10M Growth in microgravity environments.
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001B80A15 Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy.
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001B80A15A Theory and models of film growth.
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001B80A15C Deposition by sputtering.
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001B80A15E Vacuum deposition.
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001B80A15F Laser deposition.
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001B80A15G Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, etc.).
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001B80A15H Molecular, atomic, ion, and chemical beam epitaxy.
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001B80A15J Ion and electron beam-assisted deposition; ion plating.
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001B80A15K Vapor phase epitaxy; growth from vapor phase.
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001B80A15L Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids).
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001B80A15N Solid phase epitaxy; growth from solid phases.
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001B80A15P Electrodeposition, electroplating.
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001B80A15R Spray coating techniques.
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001B80A16 Methods of nanofabrication.
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001B80A16B Chemical synthesis methods.
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001B80A16D Self-assembly.
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001B80A16F Supramolecular and biochemical assembly.
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001B80A16H Catalytic methods.
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001B80A16M Laser-assisted deposition.
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001B80A16N Nanolithography.
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001B80A16P Nanooxidation.
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001B80A16R Nanoscale pattern formation.
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001B80A16T Atom manipulation.
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001B80A20 Materials synthesis; materials processing.
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001B80A30 Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations.
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001B80A30B Phase diagrams of metals and alloys.
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001B80A30D Phase diagrams of other materials.
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001B80A30F Solidification.
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001B80A30H Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder.
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001B80A30K Martensitic transformations.
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001B80A30M Precipitation.
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001B80A40 Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties.
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001B80A40C Solid solution, precipitation, and dispersion hardening; aging.
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001B80A40E Cold working, work hardening; annealing, quenching, tempering, recovery, and recrystallization; textures.
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001B80A40G Other heat and thermomechanical treatments.
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001B80A40J Elasticity and anelasticity.
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001B80A40L Deformation, plasticity, and creep.
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001B80A40N Fatigue, embrittlement, and fracture.
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001B80A40P Friction, lubrication, and wear.
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001B80A40R Electrical and magnetic properties (related to treatment conditions).
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001B80A40T Optical and dielectric properties (related to treatment conditions).
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001B80A40V Pressure treatments.
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001B80A40W Radiation treatments.
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001B80A65 Surface treatments.
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001B80A70 Materials testing.
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001B80A90 Other topics in materials science.
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001B80C Rheology.
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001C Chemistry.
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001D Applied sciences.
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001E Earth, ocean, space.
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002 Biological and medical sciences.
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002A Fundamental and applied biological sciences. psychology.
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002A01 General aspects.
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002A02 Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry.
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002A03 Molecular biophysics.
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002A04 Molecular and cellular biology.
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002A05 Microbiology.
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002A06 Fundamental immunology.
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002A07 Genetics of eukaryotes. biological and molecular evolution.
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002A08 Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics.
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002A09 Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution.
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002A10 Plant physiology and development.
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002A11 Protozoa.
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002A12 Invertebrates.
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002A13 Animal ethology.
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002A14 Animal, plant and microbial ecology.
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002A15 Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution.
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002A16 Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems.
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002A17 Vertebrates: digestive system.
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002A18 Vertebrates: urinary system.
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002A19 Vertebrates: skin, associated glands, phaneres, light organs, various exocrine glands (salt gland, uropygial gland...), adipose tissue, connective tissue.
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002A20 Vertebrates: respiratory system.
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002A21 Vertebrates: blood, hematopoietic organs, reticuloendothelial system.
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002A22 Vertebrates: cardiovascular system.
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002A23 Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system.
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002A24 Vertebrates: body movement. posture. locomotion. flight. swimming. physical exercise. rest. sports.
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002A25 Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs.
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002A26 Psychology. psychophysiology.
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002A27 Psychoanalysis.
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002A28 Vertebrates: endocrinology.
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002A29 Vertebrates: reproduction.
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002A30 Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. teratology.
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002A31 Biotechnology.
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002A32 Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions.
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002A33 Forestry.
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002A34 Phytopathology. animal pests. plant and forest protection.
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002A35 Food industries.
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002A36 Animal productions.
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002A37 Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control.
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002B Medical sciences.
Francis Classification Scheme