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Pascal Classification Scheme

001 Exact sciences and technology.
- 001A Sciences and techniques of general use.
  - 001A01 Information science. documentation.
  - 001A02 Mathematics.
    - 001A02A Mathematical logic, foundations, set theory.
    - 001A02B Combinatorics. Ordered structures.
    - 001A02C Algebra.
    - 001A02D Group theory.
    - 001A02E Mathematical analysis.
    - 001A02F Geometry.
    - 001A02G Topology. Manifolds and cell complexes. Global analysis and analysis on manifolds.
    - 001A02H Probability and statistics.
    - 001A02I Numerical analysis. Scientific computation.
      - 001A02I01 Numerical analysis.
        
        001A02I01A General topics.
        
        001A02I01B Acceleration of convergence.
        
        001A02I01C Numerical simulation.
        
        001A02I01D Numerical approximation.
        
        001A02I01E Numerical linear algebra.
        
        001A02I01F Error analysis.
        
        001A02I01G Nonlinear algebraic and transcendental equations.
        
        001A02I01H Numerical analysis in abstract spaces.
        
        001A02I01I Ordinary differential equations.
        
        001A02I01J Partial differential equations, initial value problems and time-dependant initial-boundary value problems.
        
        001A02I01K Partial differential equations, boundary value problems.
        
        001A02I01L Partial differential equations, miscellaneous problems.
        
        001A02I01M Difference and functional equations, recurrence relations.
        
        001A02I01N Integral equations, integral transforms.
        
        001A02I01O Fourier analysis.
        
        001A02I01P Numerical methods in mathematical programming, optimization and calculus of variations.
        
        001A02I01Q Numerical methods in probability and statistics.
      - 001A02I02 Methods of scientific computing (including symbolic computation, algebraic computation).
    - 001A02K General, history and biography.
- 001B Physics
  - 001B00 General.
    - 001B00A Communication, education, history, and philosophy.
    - 001B00B Mathematical methods in physics.
    - 001B00C Classical and quantum physics: mechanics and fields.
    - 001B00D General relativity and gravitation.
    - 001B00E Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems.
    - 001B00F Metrology, measurements and laboratory procedures.
    - 001B00G Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
      - 001B00G05 Computers in experimental physics.
      - 001B00G07 General equipment and techniques.
        
        001B00G07D Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing.
        
        001B00G07H Display and recording equipment, oscilloscopes, TV cameras, etc.
        
        001B00G07M Transducers
        
        001B00G07T Servo and control equipment; robots.
        
        001B00G07V Hygrometers.
      - 001B00G10 Mechanical instruments, equipment and techniques.
      - 001B00G20 Thermal instruments, apparatus and techniques.
      - 001B00G30 Vacuum apparatus and techniques.
      - 001B00G35 High-pressure apparatus and techniques; shock tubes; diamond anvil cells.
      - 001B00G50 Electrical and electronic components, instruments and techniques.
      - 001B00G55 Magnetic components, instruments and techniques.
      - 001B00G57 Infrared, submillimeter wave, microwave and radiowave instruments, equipment and techniques.
      - 001B00G60 Optical instruments, equipment and techniques.
      - 001B00G68 Photography, photographic instruments and techniques; xerography.
      - 001B00G75 Mass spectrometers and related techniques.
      - 001B00G77 Atomic, molecular and charged-particle sources and detectors.
      - 001B00G78 Electron, positron and ion microscopes, electron diffractometers and related techniques. $See details 001B00G78 Electron, positron and ion microscopes, electron diffractometers and related techniques.$ $Search 001B00G78 Electron, positron and ion microscopes, electron diffractometers and related techniques.$
      - 001B00G79 Scanning probe microscopes, components and techniques.
      - 001B00G81 Electron, ion spectrometers and related techniques.
      - 001B00G85 X- and ?-ray instruments and techniques.
        
        001B00G85F X- and ?-ray sources, mirrors, gratings and detectors.
        
        001B00G85J Diffractometers. $See details 001B00G85J Diffractometers.$ $Search 001B00G85J Diffractometers.$
        
        001B00G85N X- and ?-ray spectrometers.
        
        001B00G85Q Synchrotron radiation instrumentation.
        
        001B00G85T X-ray microscopes.
      - 001B00G87 Spaceborne and space research instruments, apparatus and components (satellites, space vehicles, etc.).
      - 001B00G89 Environmental effects on instruments (e.g., radiation and pollution effects).
      - 001B00G90 Other topics in instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
  - 001B10 The physics of elementary particles and fields.
  - 001B20 Nuclear physics.
  - 001B30 Atomic and molecular physics.
    - 001B30A Electronic structure of atoms, molecules and their ions: theory.
    - 001B30B Atomic properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30C Molecular properties and interactions with photons.
      - 001B30C15 Properties of molecules and molecular ions.
        
        001B30C15B General molecular conformation and symmetry; stereochemistry.
        
        001B30C15D Interatomic distances and angles.
        
        001B30C15F Bond strengths, dissociation energies.
        
        001B30C15H Barrier heights (internal rotation, inversion, rotational isomerism, conformational dynamics).
        
        001B30C15K Electric and magnetic moments (and derivatives), polarizability and magnetic susceptibility.
        
        001B30C15M Rotation, vibration and vibration-rotation constants.
        
        001B30C15P Fine and hyperfine structure.
        
        001B30C15R Ionization potentials, electron affinities, molecular core binding energy.
        
        001B30C15T Mass spectra.
        
        001B30C15V Correlation times in molecular dynamics.
      - 001B30C20 Molecular spectra.
      - 001B30C25 Nuclear resonance and relaxation.
      - 001B30C35 Electron resonance and relaxation.
      - 001B30C40 Multiple resonances (including double and higher-order resonance processes, such as double nuclear magnetic resonance, electron double resonance and microwave optical double resonance).
      - 001B30C45 Mössbauer spectra.
      - 001B30C50 Fluorescence and phosphorescence; radiationless transitions, quenching (intersystem crossing, internal conversion).
      - 001B30C55 Optical activity and dichroism; magnetooptical and electrooptical spectra.
      - 001B30C60 Photoelectron spectra.
      - 001B30C70 Intensities and shapes of molecular spectral lines and bands.
      - 001B30C80 Photon interactions with molecules.
      - 001B30C90 Other topics in molecular properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30D Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions.
    - 001B30F Studies of special atoms, molecules and their ions; clusters.
    - 001B30G Mechanical control of atoms, molecules and ions.
  - 001B40 Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications).
    - 001B40A Electromagnetism; electron and ion optics.
      - 001B40A20 Applied classical electromagnetism.
      - 001B40A50 X-ray beams and x-ray optics.
      - 001B40A60 Radiation by moving charges.
      - 001B40A75 Charged-particle beams.
      - 001B40A85 Beam optics.
        
        001B40A85A Beam extraction, beam injection.
        
        001B40A85C Beam shaping, beam splitting.
        
        001B40A85E Beam profile, beam intensity.
        
        001B40A85G Chromatic and geometrical aberrations.
        
        001B40A85J Beam transport.
        
        001B40A85L Beam focusing and bending magnets, wiggler magnets, and quadrupoles.
        
        001B40A85N Electrostatic lenses. Septa.
        
        001B40A85Q Beam analysers, beam monitors, and Faraday cup.
        
        001B40A85S Beam collimators, monochromators.
      - 001B40A90 Other topics in electromagnetism; electron and ion optics.
    - 001B40B Optics.
      - 001B40B15 Geometrical optics.
      - 001B40B25 Wave optics.
      - 001B40B30 Imaging and optical processing.
      - 001B40B40 Holography.
      - 001B40B50 Quantum optics.
      - 001B40B55 Lasers.
      - 001B40B60 Laser optical systems: design and operation.
      - 001B40B62 Biological and medical applications.
      - 001B40B65 Nonlinear optics.
      - 001B40B68 Atmospheric optics.
      - 001B40B70 Optical materials.
      - 001B40B72 Optical sources and standards.
      - 001B40B79 Optical elements, devices, and systems.
      - 001B40B81 Fiber optics.
        
        001B40B81C Fabrication. testing and measurement of fiber parameters.
        
        001B40B81D Propagation, scattering and losses. Solitons.
        
        001B40B81G Birefringence, polarization.
        
        001B40B81P Sensors, gyros.
        
        001B40B81W Other fiber-optical devices.
      - 001B40B83 Micro- and nanooptical devices.
      - 001B40B86 Optical workshop techniques.
      - 001B40B87 Optical testing techniques.
      - 001B40B88 Radiation effects on optical elements, devices, and systems.
      - 001B40B90 Other topics in optics.
    - 001B40C Acoustics.
    - 001B40D Heat transfer.
    - 001B40F Solid mechanics.
    - 001B40G Fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G10 General theory.
      - 001B40G11 Computational methods in fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G15 Laminar flows.
      - 001B40G20 Hydrodynamic stability.
      - 001B40G27 Turbulent flows, convection, and heat transfer.
      - 001B40G32 Rotational flow and vorticity.
        
        001B40G32C Vortex dynamics.
        
        001B40G32F Separated flows.
      - 001B40G35 Hydrodynamic waves.
      - 001B40G40 Compressible flows; shock and detonation phenomena.
      - 001B40G45 Rarefied gas dynamics.
      - 001B40G50 Non-Newtonian fluid flows.
      - 001B40G52 Chaos.
      - 001B40G53 Fractals.
      - 001B40G54 Pattern selection; pattern formation.
      - 001B40G55 Nonhomogeneous flows.
      - 001B40G60 Flows in ducts, channels, nozzles, and conduits.
      - 001B40G62 Flow control.
      - 001B40G65 Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics.
      - 001B40G70 Reactive, radiative, or nonequilibrium flows.
      - 001B40G75 Relativistic fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G80 Instrumentation for fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G85 Applied fluid mechanics.
      - 001B40G90 Other topics in fluid dynamics.
  - 001B50 Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges.
  - 001B60 Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties.
  - 001B70 Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties.
  - 001B80 Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology.
- 001C Chemistry.
- 001D Applied sciences.
  - 001D00 General aspects.
  - 001D01 Operational research. management science.
  - 001D02 Computer science; control theory; systems.
  - 001D03 Electronics.
  - 001D04 Telecommunications and information theory.
  - 001D05 Electrical engineering. electrical power engineering.
    - 001D05A General.
    - 001D05B Testing. Reliability. Quality control.
    - 001D05C Materials.
    - 001D05D Electrical machines.
    - 001D05E Transformers and inductors.
    - 001D05F Connection and protection apparatus.
    - 001D05G Various equipment and components.
      - 001D05G01 Electromagnets.
      - 001D05G02 High voltage or high current generators.
      - 001D05G03 Capacitors. Resistors. Filters.
      - 001D05G04 Electric connection. Cables. Wiring.
      - 001D05G05 Insulators.
      - 001D05G06 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D05H Power electronics, power supplies.
    - 001D05I Electrical power engineering.
  - 001D06 Energy.
  - 001D07 Chemical engineering.
  - 001D08 Chemical industry and chemicals.
  - 001D09 Physicochemistry of polymers.
  - 001D10 Polymer industry, paints, wood.
  - 001D11 Metals. metallurgy.
  - 001D12 Mechanical engineering. machine design.
  - 001D13 Material handling, hoisting. storage. packaging.
  - 001D14 Buildings. public works.
  - 001D15 Ground, air and sea transportation, marine construction.
  - 001D16 Pollution.
  - 001D17 Other techniques and industries.
- 001E Earth, ocean, space.
002 Biological and medical sciences.
- 002A Fundamental and applied biological sciences. psychology.
  - 002A01 General aspects.
  - 002A02 Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry.
  - 002A03 Molecular biophysics.
  - 002A04 Molecular and cellular biology.
  - 002A05 Microbiology.
  - 002A06 Fundamental immunology.
  - 002A07 Genetics of eukaryotes. biological and molecular evolution.
  - 002A08 Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics.
  - 002A09 Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution.
  - 002A10 Plant physiology and development.
    - 002A10A General aspects, methods.
    - 002A10B Cell physiology.
    - 002A10C Water and solutes. Absorption, translocation and permeability.
    - 002A10D Chemical constitution.
    - 002A10E Metabolism.
    - 002A10F Vegetative and sexual reproduction, floral biology, fructification.
    - 002A10G Germination and dormancy.
    - 002A10H Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. Senescence.
    - 002A10I Tissue cultures, protoplasts.
    - 002A10J Movements.
    - 002A10K Parasitism and symbiosis.
      - 002A10K01 Parasitism.
      - 002A10K02 Symbiosis.
  - 002A11 Protozoa.
  - 002A12 Invertebrates.
    - 002A12A General aspects and techniques. Study of several systematic groups. Models.
    - 002A12B Porifera.
    - 002A12C Cnidaria. Ctenaria.
    - 002A12D Nemathelminthia. Plathelmintha.
    - 002A12E Annelida and closely related phyla: Sipuncula. Echiura. Nemertinea.
    - 002A12F Mollusca.
    - 002A12G Arachnida.
    - 002A12H Crustacea.
      - 002A12H01 Systematics. Geographical distribution.
      - 002A12H02 Morphology. Histology. Cytology.
      - 002A12H03 Physiology. Development.
        
        002A12H03A Life cycle. Embryology. Development.
        
        002A12H03B Biochemistry. Physiology. Immunology.
      - 002A12H04 Pathology.
    - 002A12I Myriapoda.
    - 002A12J Insecta.
    - 002A12K Echinodermata.
    - 002A12L Less representative or incertae sedis groups: Acanthocephala, Chaetognatha, Gnathostomulida, Lophophoria, Merostomata, Mesozoa, Myxozoa, Nematorhyncha, Pararthropoda, Placozoa, Priapuloidea, Prochordata, Pycnogonida, Rotifera.
  - 002A13 Animal ethology.
  - 002A14 Animal, plant and microbial ecology.
    - 002A14A General aspects. Techniques.
    - 002A14B Animal and plant ecology.
      - 002A14B01 General aspects.
      - 002A14B02 Autoecology.
      - 002A14B03 Demecology.
        
        002A14B03A General aspects.
        
        002A14B03B Plants and fungi.
        
        002A14B03C Animals.
        
        002A14B03C1 Protozoa. Invertebrata.
        
        002A14B03C2 Vertebrata.
      - 002A14B04 Synecology.
    - 002A14C Microbial ecology.
    - 002A14D Applied ecology.
  - 002A15 Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution.
  - 002A16 Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems.
  - 002A17 Vertebrates: digestive system.
  - 002A18 Vertebrates: urinary system.
  - 002A19 Vertebrates: skin, associated glands, phaneres, light organs, various exocrine glands (salt gland, uropygial gland...), adipose tissue, connective tissue.
  - 002A20 Vertebrates: respiratory system.
  - 002A21 Vertebrates: blood, hematopoietic organs, reticuloendothelial system.
  - 002A22 Vertebrates: cardiovascular system.
  - 002A23 Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system.
  - 002A24 Vertebrates: body movement. posture. locomotion. flight. swimming. physical exercise. rest. sports.
  - 002A25 Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs.
  - 002A26 Psychology. psychophysiology.
    - 002A26A General aspects.
    - 002A26B Psychometrics. Statistics. Methodology.
    - 002A26C Behavioral psychophysiology.
    - 002A26D Activity levels. Psychomotricity.
    - 002A26E Perception.
    - 002A26F Learning. Memory.
      - 002A26F01 Theories.
      - 002A26F02 Psychometrics.
      - 002A26F03 Conditioning.
      - 002A26F04 Learning.
      - 002A26F05 Memory.
        
        002A26F05A Human.
        
        002A26F05B Animal.
      - 002A26F06 Miscellaneous.
    - 002A26G Personality. Affectivity.
    - 002A26H Cognition. Intelligence.
    - 002A26I Language.
    - 002A26J Developmental psychology.
    - 002A26K Educational psychology.
    - 002A26L Occupational psychology.
    - 002A26M Social psychology.
    - 002A26N Psychology and medicine.
    - 002A26P Differential and comparative psychology.
    - 002A26Q Applied psychology.
    - 002A26R Parapsychology.
  - 002A27 Psychoanalysis.
  - 002A28 Vertebrates: endocrinology.
  - 002A29 Vertebrates: reproduction.
  - 002A30 Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. teratology.
  - 002A31 Biotechnology.
    - 002A31A Legislation. General informations.
    - 002A31B Mission oriented research.
    - 002A31C Methods. Procedures. Technologies.
      - 002A31C01 Microbial engineering. Fermentation and microbial culture technology.
      - 002A31C02 Genetic technics.
      - 002A31C03 Enzyme engineering.
      - 002A31C04 Protein engineering.
      - 002A31C05 Immobilization techniques.
      - 002A31C06 Bioconversions. Hemisynthesis.
      - 002A31C07 Eukaryotic cell cultures.
        
        002A31C07A General aspects.
        
        002A31C07B Animal cells.
        
        002A31C07C Plant cells and fungal cells.
      - 002A31C08 Algal culture (Microalgae).
      - 002A31C09 Various methods and equipments.
    - 002A31D Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects.
  - 002A32 Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions.
  - 002A33 Forestry.
  - 002A34 Phytopathology. animal pests. plant and forest protection.
  - 002A35 Food industries.
  - 002A36 Animal productions.
  - 002A37 Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control.
- 002B Medical sciences.
  - 002B01 General aspects.
  - 002B02 Pharmacology. drug treatments.
  - 002B03 Toxicology.
  - 002B04 Tumors.
  - 002B05 Infectious diseases.
  - 002B06 Immunopathology.
  - 002B07 Sarcoidosis. granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. connective tissue diseases. elastic tissue diseases. vasculitis.
  - 002B08 Dermatology.
  - 002B09 Ophthalmology.
  - 002B10 Otorhinolaryngology. stomatology.
  - 002B11 Pneumology.
  - 002B12 Cardiology. vascular system.
  - 002B13 Gastroenterology. liver. pancreas. abdomen.
  - 002B14 Nephrology. urinary tract diseases.
  - 002B15 Diseases of the osteoarticular system.
  - 002B16 Traumas. diseases due to physical agents.
  - 002B17 Neurology.
  - 002B18 Psychopathology. psychiatry.
  - 002B19 Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases.
  - 002B20 Gynecology. andrology. obstetrics.
  - 002B21 Endocrinopathies.
  - 002B22 Metabolic diseases.
  - 002B23 Medical genetics.
  - 002B24 Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects).
  - 002B25 Surgery (general aspects). transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. graft diseases.
  - 002B26 Radiotherapy. instrumental treatment. physiotherapy. reeducation. rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects).
  - 002B27 Anesthesia. intensive care medicine. transfusions. cell therapy and gene therapy.
  - 002B28 Computerized, statistical medical data processing and models in biomedicine.
  - 002B29 Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology.
  - 002B30 Public health. hygiene-occupational medicine.
    - 002B30A Public health. Hygiene.
      - 002B30A01 General aspects.
      - 002B30A02 Environment. Living conditions.
      - 002B30A03 Prevention and actions.
      - 002B30A04 Health and social institutions.
      - 002B30A05 Health participants.
      - 002B30A06 Organizations and institutions for the application of policies.
      - 002B30A07 Social services (in France and for the french living abroad).
        
        002B30A07A General aspects.
        
        002B30A07B Social security.
        
        002B30A07C Social aid.
        
        002B30A07D Mutuality.
        
        002B30A07E Insurance.
      - 002B30A08 Pharmaceutical industries.
      - 002B30A09 Teaching. Deontology. Ethics. Legislation.
      - 002B30A10 Forensic medicine.
      - 002B30A11 Miscellaneous.
    - 002B30B Occupational medicine.
  - 002B31 Ethics.

Francis Classification Scheme