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Pascal Classification Scheme

001 Exact sciences and technology.
- 001A Sciences and techniques of general use.
  - 001A01 Information science. documentation.
  - 001A02 Mathematics.
    - 001A02A Mathematical logic, foundations, set theory.
    - 001A02B Combinatorics. Ordered structures.
    - 001A02C Algebra.
    - 001A02D Group theory.
    - 001A02E Mathematical analysis.
    - 001A02F Geometry.
    - 001A02G Topology. Manifolds and cell complexes. Global analysis and analysis on manifolds.
    - 001A02H Probability and statistics.
    - 001A02I Numerical analysis. Scientific computation.
      - 001A02I01 Numerical analysis.
        
        001A02I01A General topics.
        
        001A02I01B Acceleration of convergence.
        
        001A02I01C Numerical simulation.
        
        001A02I01D Numerical approximation.
        
        001A02I01E Numerical linear algebra.
        
        001A02I01F Error analysis.
        
        001A02I01G Nonlinear algebraic and transcendental equations.
        
        001A02I01H Numerical analysis in abstract spaces.
        
        001A02I01I Ordinary differential equations.
        
        001A02I01J Partial differential equations, initial value problems and time-dependant initial-boundary value problems.
        
        001A02I01K Partial differential equations, boundary value problems.
        
        001A02I01L Partial differential equations, miscellaneous problems.
        
        001A02I01M Difference and functional equations, recurrence relations.
        
        001A02I01N Integral equations, integral transforms.
        
        001A02I01O Fourier analysis.
        
        001A02I01P Numerical methods in mathematical programming, optimization and calculus of variations.
        
        001A02I01P1 Numerical methods in mathematical programming.
        
        001A02I01P2 Numerical methods in optimization and calculus of variations.
        
        001A02I01Q Numerical methods in probability and statistics.
      - 001A02I02 Methods of scientific computing (including symbolic computation, algebraic computation).
    - 001A02K General, history and biography.
- 001B Physics
  - 001B00 General.
    - 001B00A Communication, education, history, and philosophy.
      - 001B00A10 Announcements, news, and organizational activities.
        
        001B00A10C Announcements, news, and awards.
        
        001B00A10F Conferences, lectures, and institutes.
        
        001B00A10H Physics organizational activities.
      - 001B00A20 Communication forms and techniques (written, oral, electronic, etc.).
      - 001B00A30 Physics literature and publications.
      - 001B00A40 Education.
      - 001B00A50 Educational aids.
      - 001B00A52 National and international laboratory facilities.
      - 001B00A55 General physics.
      - 001B00A60 Biographies, tributes, personal notes, and obituaries.
      - 001B00A65 History of science.
      - 001B00A70 Philosophy of science.
      - 001B00A75 Science and society.
      - 001B00A78 Science and government (funding, politics, etc.).
      - 001B00A80 Physics of sports.
      - 001B00A90 Other topics of general interest.
    - 001B00B Mathematical methods in physics.
    - 001B00C Classical and quantum physics: mechanics and fields.
    - 001B00D General relativity and gravitation.
    - 001B00E Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems.
    - 001B00F Metrology, measurements and laboratory procedures.
    - 001B00G Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
  - 001B10 The physics of elementary particles and fields.
    - 001B10A General theory of fields and particles.
    - 001B10B Specific theories and interaction models; particle systematics.
    - 001B10C Specific reactions and phenomenology.
      - 001B10C10 Weak and electromagnetic interactions of leptons.
      - 001B10C15 Neutrino interactions.
      - 001B10C20 Leptonic and semileptonic decays of mesons.
      - 001B10C25 Hadronic decays of mesons.
      - 001B10C30 Decays of baryons.
        
        001B10C30C Leptonic and semileptonic decays.
        
        001B10C30E Hadronic decays.
      - 001B10C35 Decays of leptons.
      - 001B10C38 Decays of intermediate bosons.
      - 001B10C40 Electromagnetic processes and properties.
      - 001B10C60 Photon and charged-lepton interactions with hadrons.
        
        001B10C60F Elastic and Compton scattering.
        
        001B10C60H Total and inclusive cross sections (including deep-inelastic processes).
        
        001B10C60L Meson production.
        
        001B10C60R Baryon production.
      - 001B10C65 Hadron production by electron-positron collisions.
      - 001B10C75 Hadron-induced low- and intermediate-energy reactions and scattering (energy ? 10 GeV).
      - 001B10C85 Hadron-induced high- and super-high-energy interactions (energy >> 10 GeV).
      - 001B10C87 Jets in large-Q² scattering.
      - 001B10C88 Polarization in interactions and scattering.
      - 001B10C90 Other topics in specific reactions and phenomenology of elementary particles.
    - 001B10D Properties of specific particles.
  - 001B20 Nuclear physics.
  - 001B30 Atomic and molecular physics.
    - 001B30A Electronic structure of atoms, molecules and their ions: theory.
      - 001B30A10 Theory of electronic structure, electronic transitions, and chemical binding.
      - 001B30A15 Calculations and mathematical techniques in atomic and molecular physics (excluding electron correlation calculations).
      - 001B30A25 Electron correlation calculations for atoms and molecules.
      - 001B30A30 Corrections to electronic structure.
      - 001B30A50 Potential energy surfaces.
      - 001B30A70 Effects of atomic and molecular interactions on electronic structure.
        
        001B30A70D Environmental and solvent effects.
        
        001B30A70H Time-dependent phenomena: excitation and relaxation processes, and reaction rates.
        
        001B30A70K Molecular solids.
      - 001B30A90 Other topics in the theory of the electronic structure of atoms, molecules and their ions.
    - 001B30B Atomic properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30C Molecular properties and interactions with photons.
      - 001B30C15 Properties of molecules and molecular ions.
      - 001B30C20 Molecular spectra.
      - 001B30C25 Nuclear resonance and relaxation.
      - 001B30C35 Electron resonance and relaxation.
      - 001B30C40 Multiple resonances (including double and higher-order resonance processes, such as double nuclear magnetic resonance, electron double resonance and microwave optical double resonance).
      - 001B30C45 Mössbauer spectra.
      - 001B30C50 Fluorescence and phosphorescence; radiationless transitions, quenching (intersystem crossing, internal conversion).
      - 001B30C55 Optical activity and dichroism; magnetooptical and electrooptical spectra.
      - 001B30C60 Photoelectron spectra.
      - 001B30C70 Intensities and shapes of molecular spectral lines and bands.
        
        001B30C70C Oscillator and band strengths, lifetimes, transition moments, and Franck-Condon factors.
        
        001B30C70F Absolute and relative line and band intensities.
        
        001B30C70J Line and band widths, shapes, and shifts.
      - 001B30C80 Photon interactions with molecules.
      - 001B30C90 Other topics in molecular properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30D Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions.
      - 001B30D10 General theories and models of atomic and molecular collisions and interactions (including statistical theories, transition state, stochastic and trajectory models, etc.).
      - 001B30D20 Interatomic and intermolecular potentials and forces, potential energy surfaces for collisions.
      - 001B30D30 Intramolecular energy transfer; intramolecular dynamics; dynamics of van der Waals molecules.
      - 001B30D50 Scattering of atoms, molecules and ions.
        
        001B30D50B Energy loss and stopping power.
        
        001B30D50C Elastic scattering. Ulttracold collisions.
        
        001B30D50D Interactions of atoms, molecules and their ions with surfaces; photon and electron emission; neutralization of ions.
        
        001B30D50E Rotational and vibrational energy transfer.
        
        001B30D50F Electronic excitation and ionization of atoms (including beam-foil excitation and ionization).
        
        001B30D50G Electronic excitation and ionization of molecules; intermediate molecular states (including lifetimes, state mixing, etc.).
        
        001B30D50L Chemical reactions, energy disposal, and angular distribution, as studied by atomic and molecular beams.
        
        001B30D50P State-to-state scattering analyses.
        
        001B30D50R Laser-modified scattering and reactions.
      - 001B30D60 Scattering in highly excited states (e.g., Rydberg states).
      - 001B30D70 Charge transfer.
      - 001B30D80 Electron scattering.
      - 001B30D85 Positron scattering.
      - 001B30D90 Other topics in atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions.
    - 001B30F Studies of special atoms, molecules and their ions; clusters.
    - 001B30G Mechanical control of atoms, molecules and ions.
  - 001B40 Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications).
    - 001B40A Electromagnetism; electron and ion optics.
    - 001B40B Optics.
      - 001B40B15 Geometrical optics.
      - 001B40B25 Wave optics.
      - 001B40B30 Imaging and optical processing.
      - 001B40B40 Holography.
      - 001B40B50 Quantum optics.
      - 001B40B55 Lasers.
      - 001B40B60 Laser optical systems: design and operation.
      - 001B40B62 Biological and medical applications.
        
        001B40B62C Industrial applications.
        
        001B40B62E Metrological applications.
        
        001B40B62F Laser spectroscopy.
      - 001B40B65 Nonlinear optics.
      - 001B40B68 Atmospheric optics.
      - 001B40B70 Optical materials.
      - 001B40B72 Optical sources and standards.
      - 001B40B79 Optical elements, devices, and systems.
      - 001B40B81 Fiber optics.
      - 001B40B83 Micro- and nanooptical devices.
      - 001B40B86 Optical workshop techniques.
      - 001B40B87 Optical testing techniques.
      - 001B40B88 Radiation effects on optical elements, devices, and systems.
      - 001B40B90 Other topics in optics.
    - 001B40C Acoustics.
    - 001B40D Heat transfer.
    - 001B40F Solid mechanics.
    - 001B40G Fluid dynamics.
  - 001B50 Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges.
  - 001B60 Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties.
    - 001B60A Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography.
      - 001B60A10 X-ray diffraction and scattering. $See details 001B60A10 X-ray diffraction and scattering.$ $Search 001B60A10 X-ray diffraction and scattering.$
        
        001B60A10D Theories of diffraction and scattering. $See details 001B60A10D Theories of diffraction and scattering.$ $Search 001B60A10D Theories of diffraction and scattering.$
        
        001B60A10E X-ray scattering (including small-angle scattering).
        
        001B60A10H X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS, NEXAFS, XANES, etc.
        
        001B60A10K X-ray reflectometry.
        
        001B60A10N Single-crystal and powder diffraction. $See details 001B60A10N Single-crystal and powder diffraction.$ $Search 001B60A10N Single-crystal and powder diffraction.$
      - 001B60A12 Neutron diffraction and scattering. $See details 001B60A12 Neutron diffraction and scattering.$ $Search 001B60A12 Neutron diffraction and scattering.$
      - 001B60A14 Electron diffraction and scattering. $See details 001B60A14 Electron diffraction and scattering.$ $Search 001B60A14 Electron diffraction and scattering.$
      - 001B60A16 Electron, ion, and scanning probe microscopy.
      - 001B60A18 Other methods of structure determination.
        
        001B60A18B Atom, molecule, and ion scattering.
        
        001B60A18F Magnetic resonance techniques; Mössbauer spectroscopy.
      - 001B60A20 Structure of liquids.
      - 001B60A25 Studies of specific liquid structures.
      - 001B60A30 Liquid crystals.
      - 001B60A41 Polymers, elastomers, and plastics.
      - 001B60A43 Disordered solids.
      - 001B60A44 Semi-periodic solids.
      - 001B60A46 Nanoscale materials: clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals.
      - 001B60A48 Fullerenes and fullerene-related materials.
      - 001B60A50 Crystalline state (including molecular motions in solids).
      - 001B60A66 Structure of specific crystalline solids.
        
        001B60A66B Elemental solids.
        
        001B60A66D Alloys.
        
        001B60A66F Inorganic compounds.
        
        001B60A66H Organic compounds.
      - 001B60A68 Crystallographic databases.
      - 001B60A72 Defects and impurities in crystals; microstructure.
      - 001B60A80 Physical radiation effects, radiation damage.
      - 001B60A82 Radiation effects on specific materials.
      - 001B60A85 Channeling phenomena (blocking, energy loss, etc.).
      - 001B60A90 Other topics in structure of solids and liquids.
    - 001B60B Mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter.
    - 001B60C Lattice dynamics.
    - 001B60D Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions.
    - 001B60E Thermal properties of condensed matter.
    - 001B60F Transport properties of condensed matter (nonelectronic).
    - 001B60G Quantum fluids and solids; liquid and solid helium.
    - 001B60H Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties).
  - 001B70 Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties.
  - 001B80 Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology.
- 001C Chemistry.
- 001D Applied sciences.
  - 001D00 General aspects.
  - 001D01 Operational research. management science.
  - 001D02 Computer science; control theory; systems.
  - 001D03 Electronics.
  - 001D04 Telecommunications and information theory.
  - 001D05 Electrical engineering. electrical power engineering.
  - 001D06 Energy.
  - 001D07 Chemical engineering.
  - 001D08 Chemical industry and chemicals.
  - 001D09 Physicochemistry of polymers.
  - 001D10 Polymer industry, paints, wood.
  - 001D11 Metals. metallurgy.
    - 001D11A General.
    - 001D11B Production of metals.
    - 001D11C Production techniques.
      - 001D11C01 Foundry engineering.
      - 001D11C02 Heat treatment.
      - 001D11C03 Powder metallurgy. Composite materials.
      - 001D11C04 Forming.
        
        001D11C04A Heating.
        
        001D11C04B Rolling.
        
        001D11C04C Forging and extrusion.
        
        001D11C04D Drawing and wire drawing.
        
        001D11C04E Deep drawing.
        
        001D11C04F Press forming of metal foils and wires.
        
        001D11C04G Other forming methods.
      - 001D11C05 Cutting.
      - 001D11C06 Surface treatment.
    - 001D11D Joining, thermal cutting: metallurgical aspects.
    - 001D11E Corrosion.
    - 001D11F Chemical and electrochemical properties.
    - 001D11G Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology.
    - 001D11H Analysing. Testing. Standards.
    - 001D11I Engineering techniques in metallurgy. Applications. Other aspects.
  - 001D12 Mechanical engineering. machine design.
  - 001D13 Material handling, hoisting. storage. packaging.
  - 001D14 Buildings. public works.
  - 001D15 Ground, air and sea transportation, marine construction.
  - 001D16 Pollution.
  - 001D17 Other techniques and industries.
- 001E Earth, ocean, space.
002 Biological and medical sciences.
- 002A Fundamental and applied biological sciences. psychology.
  - 002A01 General aspects.
  - 002A02 Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry.
  - 002A03 Molecular biophysics.
  - 002A04 Molecular and cellular biology.
  - 002A05 Microbiology.
  - 002A06 Fundamental immunology.
  - 002A07 Genetics of eukaryotes. biological and molecular evolution.
  - 002A08 Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics.
  - 002A09 Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution.
  - 002A10 Plant physiology and development.
    - 002A10A General aspects, methods.
    - 002A10B Cell physiology.
    - 002A10C Water and solutes. Absorption, translocation and permeability.
    - 002A10D Chemical constitution.
    - 002A10E Metabolism.
      - 002A10E01 Metabolism. Physicochemical requirements.
      - 002A10E02 Photosynthesis, respiration. Anabolism, catabolism.
      - 002A10E03 Nitrogen metabolism.
      - 002A10E04 Storage and secretion, pigments, phytochrome.
      - 002A10E05 Enzymes.
      - 002A10E06 Growth regulators.
    - 002A10F Vegetative and sexual reproduction, floral biology, fructification.
    - 002A10G Germination and dormancy.
    - 002A10H Vegetative apparatus, growth and morphogenesis. Senescence.
    - 002A10I Tissue cultures, protoplasts.
    - 002A10J Movements.
    - 002A10K Parasitism and symbiosis.
  - 002A11 Protozoa.
  - 002A12 Invertebrates.
    - 002A12A General aspects and techniques. Study of several systematic groups. Models.
    - 002A12B Porifera.
    - 002A12C Cnidaria. Ctenaria.
    - 002A12D Nemathelminthia. Plathelmintha.
    - 002A12E Annelida and closely related phyla: Sipuncula. Echiura. Nemertinea.
    - 002A12F Mollusca.
      - 002A12F01 Systematics. Geographical distribution.
      - 002A12F02 Morphology. Histology. Cytology.
      - 002A12F03 Physiology. Development.
        
        002A12F03A Life cycle. Embryology. Development.
        
        002A12F03B Biochemistry. Physiology. Immunology.
      - 002A12F04 Pathology.
    - 002A12G Arachnida.
    - 002A12H Crustacea.
    - 002A12I Myriapoda.
    - 002A12J Insecta.
    - 002A12K Echinodermata.
    - 002A12L Less representative or incertae sedis groups: Acanthocephala, Chaetognatha, Gnathostomulida, Lophophoria, Merostomata, Mesozoa, Myxozoa, Nematorhyncha, Pararthropoda, Placozoa, Priapuloidea, Prochordata, Pycnogonida, Rotifera.
  - 002A13 Animal ethology.
  - 002A14 Animal, plant and microbial ecology.
  - 002A15 Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution.
  - 002A16 Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems.
  - 002A17 Vertebrates: digestive system.
  - 002A18 Vertebrates: urinary system.
  - 002A19 Vertebrates: skin, associated glands, phaneres, light organs, various exocrine glands (salt gland, uropygial gland...), adipose tissue, connective tissue.
  - 002A20 Vertebrates: respiratory system.
  - 002A21 Vertebrates: blood, hematopoietic organs, reticuloendothelial system.
  - 002A22 Vertebrates: cardiovascular system.
  - 002A23 Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system.
  - 002A24 Vertebrates: body movement. posture. locomotion. flight. swimming. physical exercise. rest. sports.
  - 002A25 Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs.
  - 002A26 Psychology. psychophysiology.
    - 002A26A General aspects.
    - 002A26B Psychometrics. Statistics. Methodology.
    - 002A26C Behavioral psychophysiology.
    - 002A26D Activity levels. Psychomotricity.
    - 002A26E Perception.
    - 002A26F Learning. Memory.
      - 002A26F01 Theories.
      - 002A26F02 Psychometrics.
      - 002A26F03 Conditioning.
        
        002A26F03A Human.
        
        002A26F03B Animal.
      - 002A26F04 Learning.
      - 002A26F05 Memory.
      - 002A26F06 Miscellaneous.
    - 002A26G Personality. Affectivity.
    - 002A26H Cognition. Intelligence.
    - 002A26I Language.
    - 002A26J Developmental psychology.
    - 002A26K Educational psychology.
    - 002A26L Occupational psychology.
    - 002A26M Social psychology.
    - 002A26N Psychology and medicine.
    - 002A26P Differential and comparative psychology.
    - 002A26Q Applied psychology.
    - 002A26R Parapsychology.
  - 002A27 Psychoanalysis.
  - 002A28 Vertebrates: endocrinology.
  - 002A29 Vertebrates: reproduction.
  - 002A30 Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. teratology.
  - 002A31 Biotechnology.
  - 002A32 Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions.
  - 002A33 Forestry.
  - 002A34 Phytopathology. animal pests. plant and forest protection.
  - 002A35 Food industries.
  - 002A36 Animal productions.
  - 002A37 Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control.
- 002B Medical sciences.
  - 002B01 General aspects.
  - 002B02 Pharmacology. drug treatments.
  - 002B03 Toxicology.
  - 002B04 Tumors.
  - 002B05 Infectious diseases.
    - 002B05A General aspects.
    - 002B05B Bacterial diseases.
    - 002B05C Viral diseases.
      - 002B05C01 General aspects.
      - 002B05C02 Human viral diseases.
        
        002B05C02A Viral diseases of the nervous system.
        
        002B05C02B Viral diseases with cutaneous or mucosal lesions and viral diseases of the eye.
        
        002B05C02C Viral diseases of the respiratory system and ENT viral diseases.
        
        002B05C02D Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. AIDS.
        
        002B05C02E Viral diseases of the genital and urinary system.
        
        002B05C02F Viral diseases of the digestive system.
        
        002B05C02G Viral hepatitis.
        
        002B05C02H Viral cardiopathies.
        
        002B05C02I Tropical viral diseases.
        
        002B05C02I1 Arboviroses.
        
        002B05C02I2 Lassa fever and arenovirus diseases.
        
        002B05C02I3 Smallpox, monkey pox, tanapox.
        
        002B05C02I4 Marburg disease, Ebola disease.
        
        002B05C02J Miscellaneous.
      - 002B05C03 Animal viral diseases.
      - 002B05C04 Experimental viral diseases and models.
    - 002B05D Mycoses.
    - 002B05E Parasitic diseases.
  - 002B06 Immunopathology.
  - 002B07 Sarcoidosis. granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. connective tissue diseases. elastic tissue diseases. vasculitis.
  - 002B08 Dermatology.
  - 002B09 Ophthalmology.
  - 002B10 Otorhinolaryngology. stomatology.
  - 002B11 Pneumology.
  - 002B12 Cardiology. vascular system.
  - 002B13 Gastroenterology. liver. pancreas. abdomen.
  - 002B14 Nephrology. urinary tract diseases.
  - 002B15 Diseases of the osteoarticular system.
  - 002B16 Traumas. diseases due to physical agents.
  - 002B17 Neurology.
  - 002B18 Psychopathology. psychiatry.
  - 002B19 Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases.
  - 002B20 Gynecology. andrology. obstetrics.
  - 002B21 Endocrinopathies.
  - 002B22 Metabolic diseases.
  - 002B23 Medical genetics.
  - 002B24 Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects).
  - 002B25 Surgery (general aspects). transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. graft diseases.
  - 002B26 Radiotherapy. instrumental treatment. physiotherapy. reeducation. rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects).
  - 002B27 Anesthesia. intensive care medicine. transfusions. cell therapy and gene therapy.
  - 002B28 Computerized, statistical medical data processing and models in biomedicine.
  - 002B29 Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology.
  - 002B30 Public health. hygiene-occupational medicine.
  - 002B31 Ethics.

Francis Classification Scheme