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Pascal Classification Scheme

001 Exact sciences and technology.
- 001A Sciences and techniques of general use.
- 001B Physics
  - 001B00 General.
  - 001B10 The physics of elementary particles and fields.
    - 001B10A General theory of fields and particles.
    - 001B10B Specific theories and interaction models; particle systematics.
    - 001B10C Specific reactions and phenomenology.
      - 001B10C10 Weak and electromagnetic interactions of leptons.
      - 001B10C15 Neutrino interactions.
      - 001B10C20 Leptonic and semileptonic decays of mesons.
      - 001B10C25 Hadronic decays of mesons.
      - 001B10C30 Decays of baryons.
      - 001B10C35 Decays of leptons.
        
        001B10C35B Decays of muons.
        
        001B10C35D Decays of taus.
        
        001B10C35H Decays of heavy neutrinos.
      - 001B10C38 Decays of intermediate bosons.
      - 001B10C40 Electromagnetic processes and properties.
      - 001B10C60 Photon and charged-lepton interactions with hadrons.
      - 001B10C65 Hadron production by electron-positron collisions.
      - 001B10C75 Hadron-induced low- and intermediate-energy reactions and scattering (energy ? 10 GeV).
      - 001B10C85 Hadron-induced high- and super-high-energy interactions (energy >> 10 GeV).
      - 001B10C87 Jets in large-Q² scattering.
      - 001B10C88 Polarization in interactions and scattering.
      - 001B10C90 Other topics in specific reactions and phenomenology of elementary particles.
    - 001B10D Properties of specific particles.
  - 001B20 Nuclear physics.
  - 001B30 Atomic and molecular physics.
  - 001B40 Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications).
    - 001B40A Electromagnetism; electron and ion optics.
    - 001B40B Optics.
      - 001B40B15 Geometrical optics.
        
        001B40B15D Wave fronts and ray tracing.
        
        001B40B15E Optical system design.
        
        001B40B15F Aberrations.
      - 001B40B25 Wave optics.
        
        001B40B25B Wave propagation, transmission and absorption.
        
        001B40B25D Wave propagation in random media.
        
        001B40B25F Diffraction and scattering. $See details 001B40B25F Diffraction and scattering.$ $Search 001B40B25F Diffraction and scattering.$
        
        001B40B25G Edge and boundary effects; reflection and refraction. $See details 001B40B25G Edge and boundary effects; reflection and refraction.$ $Search 001B40B25G Edge and boundary effects; reflection and refraction.$
        
        001B40B25H Interference.
        
        001B40B25J Polarization.
        
        001B40B25K Coherence.
        
        001B40B25L Birefringence.
      - 001B40B30 Imaging and optical processing.
      - 001B40B40 Holography.
      - 001B40B50 Quantum optics.
      - 001B40B55 Lasers.
      - 001B40B60 Laser optical systems: design and operation.
      - 001B40B62 Biological and medical applications.
      - 001B40B65 Nonlinear optics.
      - 001B40B68 Atmospheric optics.
      - 001B40B70 Optical materials.
      - 001B40B72 Optical sources and standards.
      - 001B40B79 Optical elements, devices, and systems.
      - 001B40B81 Fiber optics.
      - 001B40B83 Micro- and nanooptical devices.
      - 001B40B86 Optical workshop techniques.
      - 001B40B87 Optical testing techniques.
      - 001B40B88 Radiation effects on optical elements, devices, and systems.
      - 001B40B90 Other topics in optics.
    - 001B40C Acoustics.
    - 001B40D Heat transfer.
    - 001B40F Solid mechanics.
    - 001B40G Fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G10 General theory.
      - 001B40G11 Computational methods in fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G15 Laminar flows.
      - 001B40G20 Hydrodynamic stability.
      - 001B40G27 Turbulent flows, convection, and heat transfer.
      - 001B40G32 Rotational flow and vorticity.
      - 001B40G35 Hydrodynamic waves.
      - 001B40G40 Compressible flows; shock and detonation phenomena.
        
        001B40G40D General subsonic flows.
        
        001B40G40H Transonic flows.
        
        001B40G40K Supersonic and hypersonic flows.
        
        001B40G40N Shock-wave interactions and shock effects.
      - 001B40G45 Rarefied gas dynamics.
      - 001B40G50 Non-Newtonian fluid flows.
      - 001B40G52 Chaos.
      - 001B40G53 Fractals.
      - 001B40G54 Pattern selection; pattern formation.
      - 001B40G55 Nonhomogeneous flows.
      - 001B40G60 Flows in ducts, channels, nozzles, and conduits.
      - 001B40G62 Flow control.
      - 001B40G65 Magnetohydrodynamics and electrohydrodynamics.
      - 001B40G70 Reactive, radiative, or nonequilibrium flows.
      - 001B40G75 Relativistic fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G80 Instrumentation for fluid dynamics.
      - 001B40G85 Applied fluid mechanics.
      - 001B40G90 Other topics in fluid dynamics.
  - 001B50 Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges.
    - 001B50A Physics of gases.
    - 001B50B Physics of plasmas and electric discharges.
      - 001B50B20 Elementary processes in plasma.
      - 001B50B25 Plasma properties.
      - 001B50B27 Basic studies of specific kinds of plasmas.
      - 001B50B30 Plasma dynamics and flow.
      - 001B50B35 Waves, oscillations, and instabilities in plasmas and intense beams.
      - 001B50B38 Laser-plasma interactions.
      - 001B50B40 Plasma interactions (nonlaser).
        
        001B50B40D Electromagnetic (nonlaser) radiation interactions with plasma.
        
        001B50B40F Plasma interactions with antennas; plasma-filled waveguides.
        
        001B50B40H Plasma-wall interactions; boundary layer effects.
        
        001B50B40K Plasma sheaths.
        
        001B50B40M Particle beam interactions in plasma.
      - 001B50B50 Plasma production and heating.
      - 001B50B55 Magnetic confinement and equilibrium.
      - 001B50B57 Laser inertial confinement.
      - 001B50B58 Other confinement methods.
      - 001B50B59 Intense particle beams and radiation sources.
      - 001B50B65 Plasma simulation.
      - 001B50B70 Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation.
      - 001B50B72 Laboratoty studies of space- and astrophysical plasmas.
      - 001B50B75 Plasma devices.
      - 001B50B77 Plasma applications.
      - 001B50B80 Electric discharges.
      - 001B50B90 Other topics in plasma physics and electric discharges.
  - 001B60 Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties.
  - 001B70 Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties.
  - 001B80 Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology.
    - 001B80A Materials science.
      - 001B80A05 Specific materials.
      - 001B80A07 Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization.
        
        001B80A07B Nanocrystalline materials.
        
        001B80A07D Nanotubes.
        
        001B80A07L Nanocontacts.
        
        001B80A07N Molecular nanostructures.
        
        001B80A07P Organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures.
        
        001B80A07S Quantum wells.
        
        001B80A07T Quantum dots.
        
        001B80A07V Quantum wires.
        
        001B80A07W Nanopowders.
        
        001B80A07Z Other topics in nanoscale materials and structures.
      - 001B80A10 Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth.
      - 001B80A15 Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy.
      - 001B80A16 Methods of nanofabrication.
      - 001B80A20 Materials synthesis; materials processing.
      - 001B80A30 Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations.
      - 001B80A40 Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties.
      - 001B80A65 Surface treatments.
      - 001B80A70 Materials testing.
      - 001B80A90 Other topics in materials science.
    - 001B80C Rheology.
- 001C Chemistry.
  - 001C01 General and physical chemistry.
  - 001C02 Inorganic chemistry and origins of life.
  - 001C03 Organic chemistry.
    - 001C03A General.
    - 001C03B Reactivity and mechanisms.
    - 001C03C Preparations and properties.
      - 001C03C01 Organometalloidal and organometallic compounds.
      - 001C03C02 Aliphatic compounds.
      - 001C03C03 Noncondensed benzenic compounds.
      - 001C03C04 Condensed benzenic and aromatic compounds.
      - 001C03C05 Alicyclic compounds, terpenoids, prostaglandins, steroids.
      - 001C03C06 Heterocyclic compounds.
        
        001C03C06A Heterocyclic compounds with O, S, Se, Te hetero atom and condensed derivatives.
        
        001C03C06B Heterocyclic compounds with only one N hetero atom and condensed derivatives.
        
        001C03C06C Heterocyclic compounds with several N hetero atoms in the same ring, in separated rings or in fused rings.
        
        001C03C06D Heterocyclic compounds with N hetero atom and also O and/or S, Se, Te hetero atoms.
        
        001C03C06E Miscellaneous.
      - 001C03C07 Carbohydrates. Nucleosides and nucleotides.
      - 001C03C08 Peptides.
      - 001C03C09 Lipids.
  - 001C04 Analytical chemistry.
- 001D Applied sciences.
  - 001D00 General aspects.
  - 001D01 Operational research. management science.
  - 001D02 Computer science; control theory; systems.
  - 001D03 Electronics.
  - 001D04 Telecommunications and information theory.
  - 001D05 Electrical engineering. electrical power engineering.
  - 001D06 Energy.
    - 001D06A General, economic and professional studies.
    - 001D06B Fuels.
    - 001D06C Natural energy.
    - 001D06D Energy. Thermal use of fuels.
      - 001D06D01 General.
      - 001D06D02 Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering.
      - 001D06D03 Equipments for energy generation and conversion: thermal, electrical, mechanical energy, etc.
      - 001D06D04 Installations for energy generation and conversion: thermal and electrical energy...
        
        001D06D04A General.
        
        001D06D04B Installations for industrial steam generation.
        
        001D06D04C Thermal power plants.
        
        001D06D04D Fission nuclear power plants.
        
        001D06D04E Controled nuclear fusion plants.
        
        001D06D04F Combined power plants.
        
        001D06D04G Hydroelectric power plants.
        
        001D06D04H Other installations: MHD power plants, fuel cell plants, incineration plants, etc.
      - 001D06D05 Transport and storage of energy.
      - 001D06D06 Rational use of energy: conservation and recovery of energy.
      - 001D06D07 Devices using thermal energy.
      - 001D06D08 Heating, air conditioning and ventilation.
      - 001D06D09 Refrigerating engineering. Cryogenics. Food conservation.
      - 001D06D10 Materials and auxiliary equipments used in energy engineering.
      - 001D06D11 Air pollution caused by fuel industries.
  - 001D07 Chemical engineering.
  - 001D08 Chemical industry and chemicals.
  - 001D09 Physicochemistry of polymers.
  - 001D10 Polymer industry, paints, wood.
  - 001D11 Metals. metallurgy.
    - 001D11A General.
    - 001D11B Production of metals.
      - 001D11B01 Metallurgical fundamentals.
      - 001D11B02 Ores.
      - 001D11B03 Scrap. Recycling. Recovery metals.
      - 001D11B04 Iron and steel making.
        
        001D11B04A Coal, coke, coking.
        
        001D11B04B Fluxing agents (lime, limestone).
        
        001D11B04C Ironmaking in blast furnace.
        
        001D11B04D Other methods of ironmaking and treatments.
        
        001D11B04E Direct reduction.
        
        001D11B04F Oxygen or pneumatic steel making.
        
        001D11B04G Steel making by hearth refining (electric furnace, open-hearth furnace).
        
        001D11B04H Remelting of steel.
        
        001D11B04I Other methods of steel making and pure ironmaking.
        
        001D11B04J Treatment before gravity die casting and continuous casting.
        
        001D11B04K Gravity die casting and continuous casting.
        
        001D11B04L Ferrous alloys.
      - 001D11B05 Production of non ferrous metals. Process materials.
    - 001D11C Production techniques.
    - 001D11D Joining, thermal cutting: metallurgical aspects.
    - 001D11E Corrosion.
    - 001D11F Chemical and electrochemical properties.
    - 001D11G Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology.
    - 001D11H Analysing. Testing. Standards.
    - 001D11I Engineering techniques in metallurgy. Applications. Other aspects.
  - 001D12 Mechanical engineering. machine design.
  - 001D13 Material handling, hoisting. storage. packaging.
  - 001D14 Buildings. public works.
  - 001D15 Ground, air and sea transportation, marine construction.
  - 001D16 Pollution.
  - 001D17 Other techniques and industries.
- 001E Earth, ocean, space.
  - 001E01 Earth sciences.
  - 001E02 External geophysics.
  - 001E03 Astronomy.
    - 001E03A Fundamental astronomy and astrophysics. Instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations.
    - 001E03B Solar System.
    - 001E03C Stars.
    - 001E03D Stellar systems. Galactic and extragalactic objects and systems. The Universe.
      - 001E03D10 Stellar dynamics and kinematics.
      - 001E03D20 Stellar clusters and associations.
      - 001E03D35 Characteristics and properties of the Milky Way.
        
        001E03D35A Origin, formation, evolution, age, and star formation.
        
        001E03D35B Chemical composition and chemical evolution.
        
        001E03D35C Mass and mass distribution.
        
        001E03D35D Kinematics, dynamics, and rotation.
        
        001E03D35E Electric and magnetic fields.
        
        001E03D35G Galactic halo.
        
        001E03D35H Spiral arms and galactic disk.
        
        001E03D35J Galactic center, bar, circumnuclear matter, and bulge (including black hole and distance measurements).
        
        001E03D35L Stellar content and populations. Morphology and overall structure.
        
        001E03D35M Infall and accretion.
        
        001E03D35N Galactic winds and fountains.
        
        001E03D35P Solar neighborhood.
      - 001E03D38 Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in Milky Way.
      - 001E03D52 Normal galaxies. Extragalactic objects and systems (by type).
      - 001E03D54 Quasars. Active or peculiar galaxies, objects, and systems.
      - 001E03D56 Local Group. Magellanic clouds.
      - 001E03D58 Interstellar medium (ISM) and nebulae in external galaxies.
      - 001E03D62 Characteristics and properties of external galaxies and extragalactic objects.
      - 001E03D65 Galaxy groups, clusters, and superclusters. Large-scale structure of the Universe.
      - 001E03D70 Unidentified sources and radiation outside the Solar System.
      - 001E03D80 Cosmology.
      - 001E03D90 Other topics on stellar systems; galactic and extragalactic objects and systems; the Universe.
    - 001E03E Extraterrestrial life and intelligence.
002 Biological and medical sciences.

Francis Classification Scheme