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Pascal Classification Scheme

001 Exact sciences and technology.
- 001A Sciences and techniques of general use.
  - 001A01 Information science. documentation.
  - 001A02 Mathematics.
    - 001A02A Mathematical logic, foundations, set theory.
    - 001A02B Combinatorics. Ordered structures.
    - 001A02C Algebra.
    - 001A02D Group theory.
    - 001A02E Mathematical analysis.
    - 001A02F Geometry.
    - 001A02G Topology. Manifolds and cell complexes. Global analysis and analysis on manifolds.
    - 001A02H Probability and statistics.
    - 001A02I Numerical analysis. Scientific computation.
    - 001A02K General, history and biography.
      - 001A02K01 General mathematics.
      - 001A02K02 Mathematics literature and publications.
      - 001A02K03 Education and teaching.
      - 001A02K04 History and philosophy of mathematics.
      - 001A02K05 Biographical and personal notes.
- 001B Physics
  - 001B00 General.
    - 001B00A Communication, education, history, and philosophy.
      - 001B00A10 Announcements, news, and organizational activities.
      - 001B00A20 Communication forms and techniques (written, oral, electronic, etc.).
      - 001B00A30 Physics literature and publications.
      - 001B00A40 Education.
      - 001B00A50 Educational aids.
      - 001B00A52 National and international laboratory facilities.
      - 001B00A55 General physics.
      - 001B00A60 Biographies, tributes, personal notes, and obituaries.
      - 001B00A65 History of science.
      - 001B00A70 Philosophy of science.
      - 001B00A75 Science and society.
      - 001B00A78 Science and government (funding, politics, etc.).
      - 001B00A80 Physics of sports.
      - 001B00A90 Other topics of general interest.
    - 001B00B Mathematical methods in physics.
    - 001B00C Classical and quantum physics: mechanics and fields.
    - 001B00D General relativity and gravitation.
    - 001B00E Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems.
    - 001B00F Metrology, measurements and laboratory procedures.
    - 001B00G Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
  - 001B10 The physics of elementary particles and fields.
  - 001B20 Nuclear physics.
    - 001B20A Nuclear structure.
    - 001B20C Radioactive decay and in-beam spectroscopy.
    - 001B20D Nuclear reactions: general.
      - 001B20D10 Nuclear-reaction models and methods.
      - 001B20D30 Resonance reactions.
      - 001B20D50 Direct reactions.
      - 001B20D60 Statistical theory and fluctuations.
      - 001B20D70 Polarization phenomena in reactions.
      - 001B20D75 General properties of fission.
      - 001B20D80 Nuclear tests of fundamental interactions and symmetries.
      - 001B20D85 Quarks, gluons, and QCD in nuclei and nuclear processes.
      - 001B20D90 Other topics in nuclear reactions: general.
    - 001B20E Nuclear reactions: specific reactions.
    - 001B20F Nuclear astrophysics.
    - 001B20G Properties of specific nuclei listed by mass ranges.
    - 001B20H Nuclear engineering and nuclear power studies.
    - 001B20I Experimental methods and instrumentation for elementary-particle and nuclear physics.
  - 001B30 Atomic and molecular physics.
    - 001B30A Electronic structure of atoms, molecules and their ions: theory.
    - 001B30B Atomic properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30C Molecular properties and interactions with photons.
      - 001B30C15 Properties of molecules and molecular ions.
      - 001B30C20 Molecular spectra.
      - 001B30C25 Nuclear resonance and relaxation.
      - 001B30C35 Electron resonance and relaxation.
      - 001B30C40 Multiple resonances (including double and higher-order resonance processes, such as double nuclear magnetic resonance, electron double resonance and microwave optical double resonance).
      - 001B30C45 Mössbauer spectra.
      - 001B30C50 Fluorescence and phosphorescence; radiationless transitions, quenching (intersystem crossing, internal conversion).
      - 001B30C55 Optical activity and dichroism; magnetooptical and electrooptical spectra.
      - 001B30C60 Photoelectron spectra.
      - 001B30C70 Intensities and shapes of molecular spectral lines and bands.
      - 001B30C80 Photon interactions with molecules.
      - 001B30C90 Other topics in molecular properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30D Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions.
      - 001B30D10 General theories and models of atomic and molecular collisions and interactions (including statistical theories, transition state, stochastic and trajectory models, etc.).
      - 001B30D20 Interatomic and intermolecular potentials and forces, potential energy surfaces for collisions.
      - 001B30D30 Intramolecular energy transfer; intramolecular dynamics; dynamics of van der Waals molecules.
      - 001B30D50 Scattering of atoms, molecules and ions.
      - 001B30D60 Scattering in highly excited states (e.g., Rydberg states).
      - 001B30D70 Charge transfer.
      - 001B30D80 Electron scattering.
      - 001B30D85 Positron scattering.
      - 001B30D90 Other topics in atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions.
    - 001B30F Studies of special atoms, molecules and their ions; clusters.
    - 001B30G Mechanical control of atoms, molecules and ions.
  - 001B40 Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications).
  - 001B50 Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges.
  - 001B60 Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties.
    - 001B60A Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography.
    - 001B60B Mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter.
      - 001B60B10 Mechanical properties of liquids.
      - 001B60B20 Mechanical properties of solids.
      - 001B60B25 Mechanical properties of nanoscale materials.
      - 001B60B30 Mechanical and elastic waves, vibrations.
      - 001B60B40 Anelasticity, internal friction, stress relaxation, and mechanical resonances.
      - 001B60B50 High-pressure and shock-wave effects in solids and liquids.
      - 001B60B60 Acoustical properties of liquids.
      - 001B60B65 Acoustical properties of solids.
      - 001B60B80 Ultrasonic relaxation.
      - 001B60B90 Other topics in mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter.
    - 001B60C Lattice dynamics.
    - 001B60D Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions.
    - 001B60E Thermal properties of condensed matter.
    - 001B60F Transport properties of condensed matter (nonelectronic).
    - 001B60G Quantum fluids and solids; liquid and solid helium.
    - 001B60H Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties).
  - 001B70 Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties.
  - 001B80 Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology.
    - 001B80A Materials science.
      - 001B80A05 Specific materials.
      - 001B80A07 Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization.
      - 001B80A10 Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth.
      - 001B80A15 Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy.
      - 001B80A16 Methods of nanofabrication.
      - 001B80A20 Materials synthesis; materials processing.
      - 001B80A30 Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations.
      - 001B80A40 Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties.
      - 001B80A65 Surface treatments.
      - 001B80A70 Materials testing.
      - 001B80A90 Other topics in materials science.
    - 001B80C Rheology.
      - 001B80C10 Fundamentals and general.
      - 001B80C20 Constitutive relations.
      - 001B80C50 Deformation; material flow.
      - 001B80C70 Material form.
      - 001B80C80 Material types.
      - 001B80C85 Techniques and apparatus.
      - 001B80C90 Other topics in rheology.
- 001C Chemistry.
- 001D Applied sciences.
  - 001D00 General aspects.
  - 001D01 Operational research. management science.
  - 001D02 Computer science; control theory; systems.
    - 001D02A Theoretical computing.
    - 001D02B Software.
    - 001D02C Artificial intelligence.
      - 001D02C01 General.
      - 001D02C02 Learning and adaptive systems.
      - 001D02C03 Pattern recognition. Digital image processing. Computational geometry.
      - 001D02C04 Speech and sound recognition and synthesis. Linguistics.
      - 001D02C05 Problem solving, game playing.
      - 001D02C06 Connectionism. Neural networks.
      - 001D02C07 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D02D Control theory. Systems.
  - 001D03 Electronics.
  - 001D04 Telecommunications and information theory.
  - 001D05 Electrical engineering. electrical power engineering.
  - 001D06 Energy.
  - 001D07 Chemical engineering.
  - 001D08 Chemical industry and chemicals.
    - 001D08A Industrial chemicals.
    - 001D08B Building materials. Ceramics. Glasses.
      - 001D08B01 General.
      - 001D08B04 Ceramic industries.
      - 001D08B05 Refractory products. $See details 001D08B05 Refractory products.$ $Search 001D08B05 Refractory products.$
      - 001D08B06 Glasses.
      - 001D08B07 Glazes, enamels.
    - 001D08C Oils and fats.
    - 001D08D Washing products. Cosmetics and toiletries. Perfumes.
      - 001D08D01 Washing products.
      - 001D08D02 Cosmetics, toiletries.
      - 001D08D03 Essential oils, perfumes.
  - 001D09 Physicochemistry of polymers.
    - 001D09A General.
    - 001D09B Polymers and radiations.
      - 001D09B01 Polymerization.
      - 001D09B02 Crosslinking and degradation.
      - 001D09B03 Grafting and modifications.
      - 001D09B04 Properties and characterization.
      - 001D09B05 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D09C Natural polymers.
    - 001D09D Organic polymers.
    - 001D09E Inorganic and organomineral polymers.
      - 001D09E01 Preparation.
      - 001D09E02 Chemical modifications.
      - 001D09E03 Properties and characterization.
      - 001D09E04 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D09F Synthetic biopolymers.
  - 001D10 Polymer industry, paints, wood.
  - 001D11 Metals. metallurgy.
    - 001D11A General.
    - 001D11B Production of metals.
    - 001D11C Production techniques.
    - 001D11D Joining, thermal cutting: metallurgical aspects.
    - 001D11E Corrosion.
    - 001D11F Chemical and electrochemical properties.
    - 001D11G Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology.
    - 001D11H Analysing. Testing. Standards.
      - 001D11H01 Standardization and quality control.
      - 001D11H02 Nondestructive testing.
      - 001D11H03 Stress analysis.
    - 001D11I Engineering techniques in metallurgy. Applications. Other aspects.
  - 001D12 Mechanical engineering. machine design.
    - 001D12A General.
    - 001D12B Industrial design, planning, organization, safety.
    - 001D12C Industrial metrology. Testing.
      - 001D12C01 General.
      - 001D12C02 Non-destructive testing: methods and equipments.
      - 001D12C03 Testing machines. Balancing.
    - 001D12D Machine components.
    - 001D12E Drives.
    - 001D12F Engines and turbines.
    - 001D12G Pump and compressors (turbocompressors, fans, etc.).
    - 001D12H Steel design.
      - 001D12H01 General.
      - 001D12H02 Steel tanks and pressure vessels; boiler manufacturing.
      - 001D12H03 Pipings, valves, fittings.
    - 001D12I Precision engineering, watch making.
  - 001D13 Material handling, hoisting. storage. packaging.
  - 001D14 Buildings. public works.
    - 001D14A General.
    - 001D14B Building economics. Cost.
    - 001D14C Structural analysis. Stresses.
      - 001D14C01 Strength of materials (elasticity, plasticity, buckling, etc.).
      - 001D14C02 Stresses. Safety.
      - 001D14C03 Computation methods. Tables. Charts.
      - 001D14C04 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D14D Construction works.
    - 001D14E Durability. Pathology. Repairing. Maintenance.
      - 001D14E01 Corrosion.
      - 001D14E02 Building failures (cracks, physical changes, etc.).
      - 001D14E03 Repair (reinforcement, strenthening).
      - 001D14E04 Durability of constructions.
      - 001D14E05 Displacement. Heightening of constructions.
      - 001D14E06 Demolition.
      - 001D14E07 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D14F Geotechnics.
    - 001D14G Materials.
    - 001D14H Construction (buildings and works).
    - 001D14I Buildings.
    - 001D14J Water supply. Pipings. Water treatment.
    - 001D14K Sewerage. Sewer construction.
    - 001D14L Hydraulic constructions.
    - 001D14M Bridges.
      - 001D14M01 General.
      - 001D14M02 Bridge elements.
      - 001D14M03 Wood bridges.
      - 001D14M04 Masonry bridges.
      - 001D14M05 Concrete bridges.
      - 001D14M06 Metal bridges.
      - 001D14M07 Composite bridges.
      - 001D14M08 Suspension bridges. Stayed girder bridges. Bascule bridges. Swing bridges.
      - 001D14M09 Miscellaneous.
    - 001D14N Tunnels, galleries.
    - 001D14O Transportation infrastructure.
    - 001D14P Nuclear power plants (construction and construction safety).
    - 001D14Q Miscellaneous.
  - 001D15 Ground, air and sea transportation, marine construction.
  - 001D16 Pollution.
  - 001D17 Other techniques and industries.
- 001E Earth, ocean, space.
  - 001E01 Earth sciences.
    - 001E01A Mineralogy.
    - 001E01B Geochemistry.
    - 001E01C Isotope geochemistry. Geochronology.
    - 001E01D Cosmochemistry. Extraterrestrial geology.
    - 001E01E Metallic and non-metallic deposits.
    - 001E01F Crystalline rocks.
    - 001E01G Sedimentary rocks.
    - 001E01H Marine geology.
    - 001E01I Stratigraphy.
    - 001E01J Areal geology. Maps.
      - 001E01J01 Areal geology.
      - 001E01J02 Geologic maps, cartography.
    - 001E01K General geology.
    - 001E01L Tectonics. Structural geology. Plate tectonics.
    - 001E01M Internal geophysics.
      - 001E01M01 Geophysics: general, magnetic, electric and thermic methods and properties.
      - 001E01M02 Solid-earth geophysics, tectonophysics, gravimetry.
      - 001E01M03 Earthquakes, seismology.
      - 001E01M04 Applied geophysics.
    - 001E01N Hydrology. Hydrogeology.
      - 001E01N01 Hydrology.
      - 001E01N02 Hydrogeology.
      - 001E01N03 Water resources.
    - 001E01O Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics.
    - 001E01P Surficial geology.
    - 001E01Q Paleontology.
  - 001E02 External geophysics.
    - 001E02A Geodesy and gravity.
    - 001E02B Physics of the oceans.
    - 001E02C Snow. Ice. Glaciers.
    - 001E02D Meteorology.
    - 001E02E Atmospheric optics.
    - 001E02F Geophysics. Techniques, methods, instrumentation and models.
    - 001E02G Remote sensing, photointerpretation.
    - 001E02H Physics of the high neutral atmosphere.
      - 001E02H01 General properties of the high atmosphere.
      - 001E02H02 Atmospheric composition. Chemical and photochemical reactions.
      - 001E02H03 Absorption and scattering of radiation.
      - 001E02H04 Tides, waves, convection, winds, turbulence.
      - 001E02H05 Cosmic dust.
      - 001E02H06 Airglow. Aurora.
    - 001E02I Physics of the ionosphere.
    - 001E02J Physics of the magnetosphere.
    - 001E02L Instrumentation for aeronomy and magnetospheric studies.
    - 001E02M Other topics in aeronomy and magnetospheric physics.
  - 001E03 Astronomy.
    - 001E03A Fundamental astronomy and astrophysics. Instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations.
      - 001E03A10 Fundamental astronomy.
      - 001E03A30 Fundamental aspects of astrophysics.
      - 001E03A35 Dark matter (stellar, interstellar, galactic, and cosmological).
      - 001E03A40 Artificial Earth satellites.
      - 001E03A45 Observatories and site testing.
      - 001E03A55 Astronomical and space-research instrumentation.
      - 001E03A75 Observation and data reduction techniques. Computer modeling and simulation.
      - 001E03A80 Catalogues, atlases, databases, retrieval systems, etc.
      - 001E03A85 Astronomical observations.
      - 001E03A90 Historical astronomy and archaeoastronomy; and other topics in fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations.
    - 001E03B Solar System.
    - 001E03C Stars.
    - 001E03D Stellar systems. Galactic and extragalactic objects and systems. The Universe.
    - 001E03E Extraterrestrial life and intelligence.
002 Biological and medical sciences.

Francis Classification Scheme

518- Ecoinfo
519- Philosophy
520- Educational sciences
- 520-1 History and philosophy of education
- 520-28 Educational policy
  - 520-29 Policy, reform, legislation
    - 520-30 General points
    - 520-31 Western Europe
      - 520-32 France
      - 520-33 Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands
      - 520-34 United Kingdom
      - 520-35 Scandinavia, Finland
      - 520-36 Spain, Portugal
      - 520-37 Italy
      - 520-38 Austria
      - 520-39 Switzerland
      - 520-40 F.r.g.
    - 520-41 Eastern Europe
      - 520-42 U.s.s.r.
      - 520-44 Other countries of Eastern Europe
    - 520-45 North America
    - 520-49 Latin America
    - 520-50 Near East and North Africa
    - 520-51 Subsaharian Africa
    - 520-52 Asia
    - 520-53 Oceania
  - 520-54 International cooperation. International organizations
  - 520-55 Study abroad
  - 520-56 Scientific research
  - 520-57 Diverse points
- 520-58 Planning and economics of education
- 520-80 Educational organization
- 520-156 Life-long education and employment
- 520-171 Educational research
- 520-192 Teaching methods
- 520-229 Teaching aids
- 520-237 Educational personnel
- 520-251 School life
- 520-263 School work. Docimology. Guidance
- 520-278 Maladjustment
- 520-305 Education and psychology
- 520-325 Sociology of education
521- Sociology
522- History of science and technology
523- History and sciences of litterature
524- Linguistics
525- Prehistory and protohistory
- 525-1 Generalities
- 525-12 Methodology and general studies
- 525-46 Europe
  - 525-47 Generalities
  - 525-48 France
    - 525-49 Generalities
    - 525-50 Palaeolithic and Mesolithic
    - 525-55 Neolithic and Chalcolithic
    - 525-59 Metal Ages
      - 525-60 Generalities
      - 525-61 Bronze Age
      - 525-65 Iron Age
  - 525-69 North West Europe
  - 525-84 South West Europe
    - 525-85 Generalities
    - 525-86 Palaeolithic and Mesolithic
    - 525-91 Neolithic and Chalcolithic
    - 525-95 Metal Ages
      - 525-96 Generalities
      - 525-97 Bronze Age
      - 525-98 Iron Age
  - 525-99 Central and Eastern Europe
  - 525-122A South East Europe
- 525-123 Asia
- 525-139 Africa
- 525-161 America and arctic regions
- 525-176 Oceania
526- Art and archaeology
- 526-1 Generalities
  - 526-2 General documentation
  - 526-9 Research Principies
    - 526-10 Generalities
    - 526-11 Methods
    - 526-12 Epistemology. Aesthetics
    - 526-13 Field Technics
    - 526-17 Laboratory technics
    - 526-19A Methods of observation
    - 526-24 Environmental Assessment
    - 526-28 Synthesis
      - 526-29 Comparative studies
      - 526-30 Typology and technology
- 526-31 Ancient civilizations of the near east
  - 526-32 Generalities
  - 526-33 Egypt
  - 526-49A Sudan
  - 526-50 Ethiopia
  - 526-55 Mesopotamia and Near East
    - 526-56 Generalities
    - 526-57 Praehistorical periods
    - 526-58 Sumer. Akkad and Surrounding Countries
    - 526-63 Babylonia. Assyria. Urartu.
      - 526-64 Generalities
      - 526-65 Babylonia
      - 526-65A Assyria
      - 526-66 Urartu
    - 526-66A Mesopotamia from Achaemenids to Byzantines
    - 526-67 Iran.
      - 526-68 Generalities
      - 526-69 Praehistorical periods.
      - 526-69A Medes
      - 526-70 Achaemenids
      - 526-71 Seleucid and Parthian
      - 526-72 Sassanian
    - 526-73 Minor Asia and Hittites
    - 526-79 Palestine
    - 526-86 Nabatea and Pre-Islamic Arabic Peninsula
    - 526-87 Phoenicia
    - 526-88 Phoenician Colonies
    - 526-89 Carthago and Punic colonies
    - 526-89A North African Preroman civilizations
    - 526-89B Preislamic North Africa
    - 526-90 Syria
- 526-91 Islam
- 526-118 Asia
- 526-175 American civilisations
527- History and sciences of religions
528- Administrative science
529- Ethnology
531- Geography
533- Latin america
540- Repertory of art and archaeology.
- 540-1 Principles and organization
  - 540-2 Reference works
  - 540-3 Theory of art
  - 540-11 Iconography
  - 540-12 Technics and restoration
  - 540-18 Learning societies and teaching
  - 540-20 Collections
    - 540-21 Museology
    - 540-22 Museums
    - 540-22A
    - 540-23 Private collections
    - 540-23A
    - 540-25 Art market and sales
    - 540-26 Exhibitions
      - 540-26A
- 540-27 General history of art
  - 540-28 General works
  - 540-57 Topography, town planning, architecture
    - 540-58
    - 540-59
    - 540-60
    - 540-61
      - 540-61A
    - 540-62
    - 540-63
      - 540-63A
    - 540-64
    - 540-65
    - 540-66
    - 540-67
    - 540-68
      - 540-68A
    - 540-69
    - 540-70
    - 540-71
    - 540-72
    - 540-73
      - 540-73A
    - 540-74
    - 540-75
      - 540-75A
    - 540-76
    - 540-77
    - 540-78
    - 540-79
    - 540-80
    - 540-81
    - 540-82
      - 540-82A
    - 540-83
    - 540-84
    - 540-85
      - 540-85A
  - 540-86 Sculpture
  - 540-87 Painting and graphic arts
  - 540-118 Decorative arts
- 540-132 Middle Ages
- 540-349 Renaissance, 17th and 18th centuries
- 540-484 19th and 20th centuries
600-
603- Computer processing and legal sciences
610-
616- Company management
617- General economics
731- Energy economics
760- Public health. Hygiene.
770- Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry.
790- Information and communication sciences