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Pascal Classification Scheme

001 Exact sciences and technology.
- 001A Sciences and techniques of general use.
- 001B Physics
  - 001B00 General.
    - 001B00A Communication, education, history, and philosophy.
    - 001B00B Mathematical methods in physics.
    - 001B00C Classical and quantum physics: mechanics and fields.
    - 001B00D General relativity and gravitation.
    - 001B00E Statistical physics, thermodynamics, and nonlinear dynamical systems.
    - 001B00F Metrology, measurements and laboratory procedures.
      - 001B00F20 Metrology.
        
        001B00F20D Measurement and error theory.
        
        001B00F20F Units and standards.
        
        001B00F20J Determination of fundamental constants.
      - 001B00F30 Measurements common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
      - 001B00F60 Laboratory procedures.
      - 001B00F90 Other topics in metrology, measurements and laboratory procedures.
    - 001B00G Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy.
  - 001B10 The physics of elementary particles and fields.
    - 001B10A General theory of fields and particles.
    - 001B10B Specific theories and interaction models; particle systematics.
    - 001B10C Specific reactions and phenomenology.
    - 001B10D Properties of specific particles.
      - 001B10D20 Baryons (including antiparticles).
      - 001B10D40 Mesons.
      - 001B10D60 Leptons.
      - 001B10D65 Quarks.
      - 001B10D70 Gauge bosons.
        
        001B10D70B Photons.
        
        001B10D70D Gluons.
        
        001B10D70F W bosons.
        
        001B10D70H Z bosons.
        
        001B10D70P Other gauge bosons.
      - 001B10D80 Other particles (including hypothetical).
  - 001B20 Nuclear physics.
  - 001B30 Atomic and molecular physics.
    - 001B30A Electronic structure of atoms, molecules and their ions: theory.
    - 001B30B Atomic properties and interactions with photons.
      - 001B30B10 Properties of atoms and atomic ions.
      - 001B30B30 Atomic spectra.
      - 001B30B50 Fluorescence, phosphorescence (including quenching).
      - 001B30B60 Zeeman and Stark effects.
      - 001B30B70 Intensities and shapes of atomic spectral lines.
        
        001B30B70C Oscillator strengths, lifetimes, transition moments.
        
        001B30B70F Absolute and relative intensities.
        
        001B30B70J Line shapes, widths, and shifts.
      - 001B30B80 Photon interactions with atoms.
      - 001B30B90 Other topics in atomic properties and interactions of atoms and ions with photons.
    - 001B30C Molecular properties and interactions with photons.
    - 001B30D Atomic and molecular collision processes and interactions.
    - 001B30F Studies of special atoms, molecules and their ions; clusters.
    - 001B30G Mechanical control of atoms, molecules and ions.
  - 001B40 Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications).
  - 001B50 Physics of gases, plasmas and electric discharges.
    - 001B50A Physics of gases.
    - 001B50B Physics of plasmas and electric discharges.
      - 001B50B20 Elementary processes in plasma.
      - 001B50B25 Plasma properties.
      - 001B50B27 Basic studies of specific kinds of plasmas.
      - 001B50B30 Plasma dynamics and flow.
      - 001B50B35 Waves, oscillations, and instabilities in plasmas and intense beams.
      - 001B50B38 Laser-plasma interactions.
      - 001B50B40 Plasma interactions (nonlaser).
      - 001B50B50 Plasma production and heating.
      - 001B50B55 Magnetic confinement and equilibrium.
      - 001B50B57 Laser inertial confinement.
      - 001B50B58 Other confinement methods.
      - 001B50B59 Intense particle beams and radiation sources.
        
        001B50B59M High-voltage diodes.
        
        001B50B59R Free-electron devices.
        
        001B50B59Y Plasma devices for generation of coherent radiation.
      - 001B50B65 Plasma simulation.
      - 001B50B70 Plasma diagnostic techniques and instrumentation.
      - 001B50B72 Laboratoty studies of space- and astrophysical plasmas.
      - 001B50B75 Plasma devices.
        
        001B50B75D Ion and plasma propulsion.
        
        001B50B75F Magnetohydrodynamic generators and thermionic convertors; plasma diodes.
        
        001B50B75H Plasma torches.
        
        001B50B75K Plasma switches (e.g., spark gaps).
        
        001B50B75X Thermionic and filament-based sources.
      - 001B50B77 Plasma applications.
      - 001B50B80 Electric discharges.
      - 001B50B90 Other topics in plasma physics and electric discharges.
  - 001B60 Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties.
    - 001B60A Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography.
    - 001B60B Mechanical and acoustical properties of condensed matter.
    - 001B60C Lattice dynamics.
    - 001B60D Equations of state, phase equilibria, and phase transitions.
    - 001B60E Thermal properties of condensed matter.
    - 001B60F Transport properties of condensed matter (nonelectronic).
    - 001B60G Quantum fluids and solids; liquid and solid helium.
      - 001B60G20 Quantum effects on the structure and dynamics of nondegenerate fluids (e.g., normal phase liquid ⁴He).
      - 001B60G40 Boson degeneracy and superfluidity of ⁴He.
      - 001B60G55 Normal phase of liquid ³He.
        
        001B60G55C Thermodynamic properties.
        
        001B60G55F Hydrodynamics.
        
        001B60G55H Transport properties.
        
        001B60G55J Collective modes.
        
        001B60G55L Impurities.
      - 001B60G57 Superfluid phase of liquid ³He.
      - 001B60G60 Mixed systems; liquid ³He-⁴He mixtures.
      - 001B60G65 Spin-polarized hydrogen and helium.
      - 001B60G70 Films (including physical adsorption).
      - 001B60G80 Solid helium and related quantum crystals.
      - 001B60G90 Other topics in quantum fluids and solids; liquid and solid helium.
    - 001B60H Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties).
  - 001B70 Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties.
    - 001B70A Electron states.
    - 001B70B Electronic transport in condensed matter.
      - 001B70B10 Theory of electronic transport; scattering mechanisms.
        
        001B70B10B General formulation of transport theory.
        
        001B70B10D Scattering by phonons, magnons, and other nonlocalized excitations.
        
        001B70B10F Scattering by point defects, dislocations, surfaces, and other imperfections (including Kondo effect).
      - 001B70B15 Electronic conduction in metals and alloys.
      - 001B70B20 Conductivity phenomena in semiconductors and insulators.
        
        001B70B20D General theory, scattering mechanisms.
        
        001B70B20E Mobility edges ; hopping transport.
        
        001B70B20F Low-field transport and mobility; piezoresistance.
        
        001B70B20H High-field and nonlinear effects.
        
        001B70B20J Charge carriers: generation, recombination, lifetime, and trapping.
        
        001B70B20M Galvanomagnetic and other magnetotransport effects.
        
        001B70B20P Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects.
      - 001B70B25 Spin polarized transport.
      - 001B70B30 High-frequency effects; plasma effects.
      - 001B70B40 Photoconduction and photovoltaic effects; photodielectric effects.
      - 001B70B50 Acoustoelectric effects.
      - 001B70B55 Magnetoacoustic effects.
      - 001B70B60 Mixed conductivity and conductivity transitions.
      - 001B70B70 Noise processes and phenomena.
      - 001B70B80 Conductivity of specific materials.
      - 001B70B90 Other topics in electronic transport in condensed matter.
    - 001B70C Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films and low-dimensional structures.
    - 001B70D Superconductivity.
    - 001B70E Magnetic properties and materials.
    - 001B70F Magnetic resonances and relaxations in condensed matter, Mössbauer effect.
    - 001B70G Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties.
    - 001B70H Optical properties and condensed-matter spectroscopy and other interactions of matter with particles and radiation.
    - 001B70I Electron and ion emission by liquids and solids; impact phenomena.
  - 001B80 Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology.
    - 001B80A Materials science.
      - 001B80A05 Specific materials.
      - 001B80A07 Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization.
      - 001B80A10 Methods of crystal growth; physics of crystal growth.
      - 001B80A15 Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy.
      - 001B80A16 Methods of nanofabrication.
      - 001B80A20 Materials synthesis; materials processing.
      - 001B80A30 Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations.
        
        001B80A30B Phase diagrams of metals and alloys.
        
        001B80A30D Phase diagrams of other materials.
        
        001B80A30F Solidification.
        
        001B80A30H Constant-composition solid-solid phase transformations: polymorphic, massive, and order-disorder.
        
        001B80A30K Martensitic transformations.
        
        001B80A30M Precipitation.
      - 001B80A40 Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties.
      - 001B80A65 Surface treatments.
      - 001B80A70 Materials testing.
      - 001B80A90 Other topics in materials science.
    - 001B80C Rheology.
- 001C Chemistry.
- 001D Applied sciences.
  - 001D00 General aspects.
  - 001D01 Operational research. management science.
  - 001D02 Computer science; control theory; systems.
  - 001D03 Electronics.
  - 001D04 Telecommunications and information theory.
    - 001D04A Information, signal and communications theory.
    - 001D04B Telecommunications.
      - 001D04B01 General.
      - 001D04B02 Systems, networks and services of telecommunications.
      - 001D04B03 Teleprocessing networks. ISDN.
      - 001D04B04 Radiocommunications.
        
        001D04B04A Regulation.
        
        001D04B04B Organization, operation and development plans.
        
        001D04B04C Radiowave propagation.
        
        001D04B04D Antennas.
        
        001D04B04E Transmitters. Receivers.
        
        001D04B04F Radiocommunication specific techniques.
        
        001D04B04G Equipments and installations.
        
        001D04B04G1 Radiorelay links.
        
        001D04B04G2 Mobile radiocommunication systems.
        
        001D04B04G3 Miscellaneous.
        
        001D04B04I Miscellaneous.
      - 001D04B05 Radiolocalization and radionavigation.
      - 001D04B06 Broadcasting. Videocommunications. Audiovisual.
      - 001D04B08 Optical telecommunications.
      - 001D04B09 Satellite telecommunications. Space telecommunications.
      - 001D04B10 Miscellaneous.
  - 001D05 Electrical engineering. electrical power engineering.
    - 001D05A General.
    - 001D05B Testing. Reliability. Quality control.
    - 001D05C Materials.
    - 001D05D Electrical machines.
    - 001D05E Transformers and inductors.
    - 001D05F Connection and protection apparatus.
    - 001D05G Various equipment and components.
    - 001D05H Power electronics, power supplies.
    - 001D05I Electrical power engineering.
      - 001D05I01 Power networks and lines.
      - 001D05I02 Electric power plants.
        
        001D05I02A Thermal power plants.
        
        001D05I02B Hydroelectric power plants.
        
        001D05I02C Nuclear power plants.
        
        001D05I02D Non classical power plants.
        
        001D05I02E Miscellaneous.
      - 001D05I03 Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation.
  - 001D06 Energy.
  - 001D07 Chemical engineering.
  - 001D08 Chemical industry and chemicals.
  - 001D09 Physicochemistry of polymers.
  - 001D10 Polymer industry, paints, wood.
  - 001D11 Metals. metallurgy.
    - 001D11A General.
    - 001D11B Production of metals.
    - 001D11C Production techniques.
      - 001D11C01 Foundry engineering.
      - 001D11C02 Heat treatment.
      - 001D11C03 Powder metallurgy. Composite materials.
        
        001D11C03A Technology.
        
        001D11C03B Metal powders.
        
        001D11C03C Sintered metals and alloys. Pseudo alloys. Cermets.
        
        001D11C03D Dispersion hardening metals.
        
        001D11C03E Fibre reinforced metals.
        
        001D11C03F Eutectic alloys.
        
        001D11C03G Other composite materials with one or more metallic components.
      - 001D11C04 Forming.
      - 001D11C05 Cutting.
      - 001D11C06 Surface treatment.
    - 001D11D Joining, thermal cutting: metallurgical aspects.
    - 001D11E Corrosion.
    - 001D11F Chemical and electrochemical properties.
    - 001D11G Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology.
    - 001D11H Analysing. Testing. Standards.
    - 001D11I Engineering techniques in metallurgy. Applications. Other aspects.
  - 001D12 Mechanical engineering. machine design.
  - 001D13 Material handling, hoisting. storage. packaging.
  - 001D14 Buildings. public works.
  - 001D15 Ground, air and sea transportation, marine construction.
  - 001D16 Pollution.
  - 001D17 Other techniques and industries.
- 001E Earth, ocean, space.
  - 001E01 Earth sciences.
  - 001E02 External geophysics.
  - 001E03 Astronomy.
    - 001E03A Fundamental astronomy and astrophysics. Instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations.
      - 001E03A10 Fundamental astronomy.
      - 001E03A30 Fundamental aspects of astrophysics.
        
        001E03A30C Elementary particle and nuclear processes.
        
        001E03A30D Atomic processes and interactions.
        
        001E03A30F Molecular and chemical processes and interactions.
        
        001E03A30G Radiation mechanisms, polarization.
        
        001E03A30J Radiative transfer ; scattering.
        
        001E03A30K Atomic and molecular data, spectra, and spectral parameters (opacities, rotation constants, line identification, oscillator strengths, gf values, transition probabilities, etc.).
        
        001E03A30L Hydrodynamics.
        
        001E03A30Q Magnetohydrodynamics and plasmas.
        
        001E03A30S Relativity and gravitation.
        
        001E03A30T Thermodynamic processes, conduction, convection, equations of state.
        
        001E03A30W Dust processes (condensation, evaporation, sputtering, mantle growth, etc.).
      - 001E03A35 Dark matter (stellar, interstellar, galactic, and cosmological).
      - 001E03A40 Artificial Earth satellites.
      - 001E03A45 Observatories and site testing.
      - 001E03A55 Astronomical and space-research instrumentation.
      - 001E03A75 Observation and data reduction techniques. Computer modeling and simulation.
      - 001E03A80 Catalogues, atlases, databases, retrieval systems, etc.
      - 001E03A85 Astronomical observations.
      - 001E03A90 Historical astronomy and archaeoastronomy; and other topics in fundamental astronomy and astrophysics; instrumentation, techniques, and astronomical observations.
    - 001E03B Solar System.
    - 001E03C Stars.
      - 001E03C10 Stellar characteristics and properties.
      - 001E03C20 Normal stars (by class): general or individual.
      - 001E03C21 Pre-main sequence objects, young stellar objects (YSO's) and protostars (T Tauri stars, Orion population, Herbig-Haro objects, Bok globules, bipolar outflows, cometary nebulae, etc.).
      - 001E03C30 Variable and peculiar stars (including novae).
      - 001E03C60 Late stages of stellar evolution (including black holes).
      - 001E03C80 Binary and multiple stars.
      - 001E03C82 Extrasolar planetary systems.
        
        001E03C82C Photometric and spectroscopic detection ; coronographic detection ; interferometric detection.
        
        001E03C82F Substellar companions ; planets.
        
        001E03C82J Infrared excess ; debris disks ; protoplanetary disks ; exo-zodiacal dust.
      - 001E03C90 Other topics on stars.
    - 001E03D Stellar systems. Galactic and extragalactic objects and systems. The Universe.
    - 001E03E Extraterrestrial life and intelligence.
002 Biological and medical sciences.
- 002A Fundamental and applied biological sciences. psychology.
  - 002A01 General aspects.
  - 002A02 Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry.
  - 002A03 Molecular biophysics.
  - 002A04 Molecular and cellular biology.
  - 002A05 Microbiology.
  - 002A06 Fundamental immunology.
  - 002A07 Genetics of eukaryotes. biological and molecular evolution.
  - 002A08 Tissues, organs and organisms biophysics.
  - 002A09 Plant cytology, morphology, systematics, chorology and evolution.
  - 002A10 Plant physiology and development.
  - 002A11 Protozoa.
  - 002A12 Invertebrates.
  - 002A13 Animal ethology.
  - 002A14 Animal, plant and microbial ecology.
    - 002A14A General aspects. Techniques.
      - 002A14A01 Generalities.
      - 002A14A02 Methods and techniques (sampling, tagging, trapping, modelling...).
      - 002A14A03 Teledetection and vegetation maps.
    - 002A14B Animal and plant ecology.
    - 002A14C Microbial ecology.
    - 002A14D Applied ecology.
  - 002A15 Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution.
  - 002A16 Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems.
  - 002A17 Vertebrates: digestive system.
  - 002A18 Vertebrates: urinary system.
  - 002A19 Vertebrates: skin, associated glands, phaneres, light organs, various exocrine glands (salt gland, uropygial gland...), adipose tissue, connective tissue.
  - 002A20 Vertebrates: respiratory system.
  - 002A21 Vertebrates: blood, hematopoietic organs, reticuloendothelial system.
  - 002A22 Vertebrates: cardiovascular system.
  - 002A23 Vertebrates: osteoarticular system, musculoskeletal system.
  - 002A24 Vertebrates: body movement. posture. locomotion. flight. swimming. physical exercise. rest. sports.
  - 002A25 Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs.
  - 002A26 Psychology. psychophysiology.
    - 002A26A General aspects.
    - 002A26B Psychometrics. Statistics. Methodology.
    - 002A26C Behavioral psychophysiology.
    - 002A26D Activity levels. Psychomotricity.
    - 002A26E Perception.
    - 002A26F Learning. Memory.
    - 002A26G Personality. Affectivity.
    - 002A26H Cognition. Intelligence.
    - 002A26I Language.
    - 002A26J Developmental psychology.
    - 002A26K Educational psychology.
    - 002A26L Occupational psychology.
    - 002A26M Social psychology.
    - 002A26N Psychology and medicine.
      - 002A26N02 Gynecology and obstetrics.
      - 002A26N03 Illness and personality.
        
        002A26N03A Personality, behavior and health.
        
        002A26N03B Illness, stress and coping.
      - 002A26N04 Handicap.
      - 002A26N05 Thanatology.
      - 002A26N06 Miscellaneous.
    - 002A26P Differential and comparative psychology.
    - 002A26Q Applied psychology.
    - 002A26R Parapsychology.
  - 002A27 Psychoanalysis.
  - 002A28 Vertebrates: endocrinology.
    - 002A28A Hypothalamus. Hypophysis. Epiphysis. Urophysis.
      - 002A28A01 Morphology. Functional localizations.
      - 002A28A02 Hormones and neuropeptides. Regulation.
    - 002A28B Adrenals. Interrenals.
    - 002A28C Endocrine kidney. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
    - 002A28D Thyroid. Parathyroid. Ultimobranchial body.
    - 002A28E Endocrine pancreas.
    - 002A28F APUD cells. Peptide and protein hormones. Growth factors.
    - 002A28G Steroid hormones. Cholecalciferol derivatives.
    - 002A28H Prostaglandins. Arachidonic acid metabolites.
    - 002A28I General aspects. Hormone interactions. Hormone actions on several organ systems. Adaptive reactions.
  - 002A29 Vertebrates: reproduction.
  - 002A30 Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. teratology.
  - 002A31 Biotechnology.
  - 002A32 Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions.
  - 002A33 Forestry.
  - 002A34 Phytopathology. animal pests. plant and forest protection.
  - 002A35 Food industries.
  - 002A36 Animal productions.
  - 002A37 Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control.
- 002B Medical sciences.

Francis Classification Scheme